1352 
THE H U R A U NEW-VOEKER 
November 13, 1915. 
HOPE FARM NOTES 
Farm Notes. —This has been a fine 
season for Fall work—take it all in all. 
There has been much rain, but the fair 
days have been brilliant and the frost has 
held off well. We did not have a killing 
frost on our hilltops until October 20— 
at least 10 days later than the average. 
On the lower land old Jack put his teeth 
in earlier, but on the hills he was like a 
man running for Congress and trying to 
please the independent voters. Some 
people, in warm situations, think they 
have a great advantage in the few days 
they gain at the earlier part of the sea¬ 
son. I think frost immunity at the end 
of the season is just about as valuable if 
it can be utilized. At any rate a pleas¬ 
ant, open Fall is a fine thing for farm 
work. 
Farm Power. —Sometimes people who 
know little or nothing about practical 
farm operations are full of criticism be¬ 
cause farmers are not right up with their 
work. No use arguing with such people 
or losing sleep over them. They can only 
be cured by chaining them to a farm with 
small capital and an average equipment 
and telling them to go to it or go under. 
It is remarkable how the views of think¬ 
ers and “economists” would grow if they 
were forced to think out their living un¬ 
der the necessity for small and stern 
economies. They would probably think 
more and talk less and one sentence 
would be worth a whole volume of ad¬ 
vice. I think of this when I see several 
jobs at horse work which ought to be 
done. I know they are needed but where 
is the horse power to do them? Our big 
grays are worked to the limit hauling 
away apples. Night after night they 
start off, and it will be afternoon the 
next day before they get back. Many a 
farmer with one team or three work 
horses finds himself in that situation. 
Buy more horses? In our country such 
extra horses would stand idle most of the 
Winter and with hay at $25 that is ex¬ 
pensive idling. Get a motor truck? 
That seems to be the way out, but of 
course a farmer must have business 
enough at hauling to make such an in¬ 
vestment pay. I did not think we had 
quite trade enough this year to warrant 
us in getting a truck. Another year I 
think this neighborhood can keep one 
busy. 
Cover Crops. —It has been an ideal 
Fall season for them. The clover is good. 
Of course, neither the Alsike nor the 
Sweet make as much Fall growth as 
Crimson, but they far more than pay for 
the seed in their Fall growth and in tine 
Spring they will comJ on and give a good 
profit. Our seeding of rye this Fall was 
made purposely light. I wanted to give 
the clover every chance, for if it will grow 
as I hope for we shall stop plowing the 
orchards for several years and simply 
cut the clover and let it lie on the ground. 
We now have our soil quite well filled 
with humus and well limed. A few years 
in clover sod ought to help it. The Cow- 
horn turnips this year show a thin seed¬ 
ing. I used less of the seed than usual 
though now I wish we had used more. I 
have had some discussion about the size 
of Cow-horn turnips and the way they 
grow on our soil. AVe have them all 
sizes from an inch in diameter at the top 
to roots as large as big mangels. I dug- 
up one big turnip the root of which is 
shown at Fig. 505. This was from one 
of our back fields and represents a thin 
seeding. There are a few larger than 
this, but most of the turnips are smaller. 
The top of this turnip sprawled over the 
ground but when lifted up straight meas¬ 
ured 23 inches from crown to tip. I 
would like to learn from others how this 
turnip compares in size. I have seen pic¬ 
tures of larger ones, but most of those I 
have seen growing are much smaller. 
However the smaller ones give a large 
aggregate yield and I well know from ex¬ 
perience how they leave a credit mark on 
and in the soil. In fact, one of the great 
surprises in using cover crops is the im¬ 
provement noticed when you plow under 
a crop of turnips. The following crops, 
especially if they are plants which nat¬ 
urally respond to potash, will jump as if 
they were dancing for joy. 
Feeding Stock. —AVitli the present 
high prices for grain—and not much hope 
for reduction—the stock feeding problem 
comes to be a tough one. AVe keep as 
little stock as we can get on with. At 
present we have our work horses, one 
cow and a yearling, beside the hens. 
A drove of pigs would probably pay, but 
it is hard to dispose of the pork in our 
country. Sheep are coming back, and a 
few good ones would help handle the 
weeds, but we have pulled our fences all 
down. I have thought of starting a small 
and very choice herd of purebred cows, 
but our long and narrow orchard farm is 
not well adapted to pasturage or grow¬ 
ing soiling crops. The feeding problem 
does not trouble us greatly. The founda¬ 
tion of our ration is built of cornstalks 
and roots. The fine stalks of our flint 
corn, cured so that they are bright and 
sweet, make a good substitute for hay. 
AVe feed them with carrots to the horses 
and mangels to the cows. This year we 
have nearly three acres of these roots and 
find it a profitable crop. Dry corn fod¬ 
der, fed alone, without some laxative 
food, will not keep a horse in good shape. 
The coat gets bad and worms give 
trouble. When carrots are fed along 
with the stalks we have no trouble of 
this sort, and the combination seems a 
full substitute for hay. Let us be care¬ 
ful in talking about this. I once told 
how we wintered the horses on corn¬ 
stalks and a man wrote saying the idea 
was a humbug and his horses proved it. 
Come to find out he was feeding big, 
hard stalks of dent corn partly moldv 
and dark. He fed ear corn along with 
such stalks and I do not blame the horses 
for voting such practice a great nuisance. 
They should have kicked—right straight 
at their master. AA T hen we talk of corn 
fodder we mean stalks of flint corn 
planted rather thickly and grown be¬ 
tween rows of fruit trees, so that they 
are fine and slender—and then well 
cured. 
Boots and Grain..— Just as the tur¬ 
nip when used as a cover crop makes a 
showing far beyond what we would ex¬ 
pect from its analysis, so carrots and 
mangels show astonishing feeding results. 
For idle horses, in particular, there is no 
more useful Winter food than carrots. 
They keep bright and smooth, when these 
roots are fed, and they certainly require 
less grain. As a simple grain mixture 
for horses to go with carrots and stalks 
half and half oats and corn will suit. If 
I had no carrots I should feed some 
waste molasses and beet pulp. For a 
family cow a grain ration of half and 
half wheat bran and eornmeal, with a 
handful of cottonseed meal thrown in, 
will go well with the roots and stalks. 
AVliile these are not ideal rations they 
keep stock on a fruit farm in good condi¬ 
tion and in good production. 
Poultry. -—As often explained we ex¬ 
pect our hens to take care of themselves 
to a great extent. They are kept in 
yards. Having suffered from wandering 
hens in the past I have taken an obliga¬ 
tion never to let my poultry destroy an¬ 
other man's garden or become a nuisance 
generally. The first duty under such an 
obligation is to keep your own hens shut 
up! A\ T ith our breeding pens we follow 
the practice at the egg laying contest. 
There are double houses each holding two 
pens of 10 or 12 birds. A dry mash, 
such as is used at the contest, is kept 
before the birds all the time and also 
water, shells, grit and charcoal. AVhole 
or cracked grain is thrown to them twice 
a day and they have a constant supply of 
cabbage or roots. A box of sifted coal 
ashes stands handy and the house is kept 
dry and clean. The hens are expected to 
do the rest. Under this treatment our 
breeding pen of Reds—10 hens laying— 
produced 155 eggs in October. Most of 
the other breeds have quit for the season, 
but it looks as though our Reds will keep 
going until the pullets come into the 
game. These Reds have laid steadily all 
the year and thus far have given one or 
more eggs every day since January 1, 
besides raising families. By the way, my 
“Scrubs” have come back from the laying 
contest.- They have now been two years 
at college and have not accumulated any 
great blaze of glory. All but two of them 
will get right into the frying pan. As 
soon as I can get the figures I will tell 
their story, though there is little credit in 
it. The truth is the Scrubs went back 
on me sadly in their sophomore year at 
college. Well, here we have additional 
proof that college life may be power to 
one individual and poison to another. I 
will tell the story and see what we can 
make out of it. H. w. c. 
When you write advertisers mention 
The Ii. N.-Y. and you'll get a quick 
reply and a "square deal.” See guaran¬ 
tee editorial page. : : : : 
Shall We “Raise Things?” 
A\ r e have here an hustling editorial 
agriculturist who is writing the doctrine 
of “Raise Things.” It should be amend¬ 
ed by adding “sell things.” Apparently 
he knows what he is writing about, but 
the farmers do not. All the State-paid, 
creased-pants agriculturists seem to un¬ 
derstand and applaud. AA T hat a wonder¬ 
ful lot of wonderful agriculturists there 
are in the land. The theological agri¬ 
culturist is one, he gets a profound and 
basic knowledge of farming and its pro¬ 
fits by studying the United States gov¬ 
ernment reports and can't be contended 
with. The real estate man with a farm 
for sale finds the said reports conven¬ 
ient and convincing, especially if he has 
a city man to deal with and if the poor 
dupe takes the farm and assumes the 
mortgage he finds he cannot make the 
taxes and pay the interest on the mort¬ 
gage. One can get more than 35 cents 
on the dollar by selling by the pint, quart, 
dozen, pounds and fractions thereof, but 
what is going on on one’s farm when 
doing this? Labor around manufactur¬ 
ing towns is costly, almost prohibitive, 
in fact, is prohibitive. I would like to 
hear from the farmers of The R. N.-Y., 
if it. is not easier to raise things than 
sell them (good things too). It is 
shocking to think of it, but can it be 
that the hustling editorial agriculturist 
in his writings of raise things, economic 
fallacies, etc., is not trying to curry fa¬ 
vor with the city and town people know¬ 
ing they have the most influence with the 
State Legislature in getting through a 
fat appropriation for the State agricul¬ 
turists? w. C. 
Pennsylvania. 
R. N.-Y.—There are a few things be¬ 
side ordinary farm crops which “real 
farmers” should raise. They should 
raise the power to compel their teachers 
and representatives to get out and fight 
if need be for better markets. 
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steel corncribs and grain bins rust out? 
Are they a paying investment considering 
grain lost through leaks and rats? 
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