1432 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
December 4, 1915. 
Soil Fertility Notes 
Celery Waste as Fertilizer. 
I am carting celery waste from a New 
York celery firm. Should I plow it in 
the ground this Fall, or let it rot in a 
heap and plow in next Spring? a. m. 
Woodside, N. Y r . 
From choice we should scatter this 
waste like manure over the Fall-sown 
grain, like rye or wheat; next, on the sod 
to be plowed under in Spring. Your soil 
should have something growing on it now 
as a cover crop, and the celery waste 
should go under with it. The extra hand¬ 
ling required in piling in a heap will not 
pay. 
Farm Value of Sawdust. 
I own a piece of land of about 160 
acres, which is located close to where 
once stood a sawmill which was operated 
for 10 or 35 years, hut has been closed 
down now for about the same length of 
time. There has been left on the ground 
two or three acres of sawdust from 30 to 
35 feet deep, made principally from oak 
and poplar timber. What do you think 
of this as a fertilizer, and if any good, 
how much to apply per acre where corn 
and cow peas are to be raised? w. n. b. 
Richmond, Ivy. 
Well-rotted sawdust usually contains 
about two-thirds as much plant food as 
stable manure, but it is by no means as 
available. Fresh sawdust should not be 
used directly upon the land. It contains 
too much acid and even when well rotted 
we advise using lime with it in order to 
be on the safe side. A small quantity 
of sawdust may be used as bedding or 
mixed with the manure in order to 
sweeten it, but with such a large quan¬ 
tity as you have this would hardly be 
possible. If we had access to such a 
quantity we should take fair samples 
from different locations and have them 
analyzed—for plant food and also for 
acidity. With such an analysis you may 
know just what you are doing. The 
chemists can tell you whether it is safe 
to use the sawdust freely just as it is, or 
whether lime should be used with it. 
Their analysis may also show that it will 
pay best to burn the sawdust and use the 
ashes. 
The Search for American Potash. 
A constant search is being made for 
available potash in this country. We 
have already described the work of tak¬ 
ing potash from the seaweed and kelp 
found on the Pacific Coast. It has been 
known for years that certain granite and 
feldspar rock contained considerable pot¬ 
ash. This, however, is in such an un¬ 
available form that it is of little or no 
use as fertilizer. We understand that 
nearly 75 patents covering methods of 
making this potash available have been 
taken out in this country. Most of them, 
however, are too expensive for ordinary 
operations. The Department of Com¬ 
merce now states that a new process Las 
been suggested which may prove success¬ 
ful. In this process the ground feldspar 
with limestone and oxide of iron are 
heated to a temperature of 2,200 degrees. 
This makes a partly fused mass, which 
is found to be decomposed by a weak 
acid, and from this product potash salts 
may be extracted. 
It has also long been known that the 
waste from distilleries where the molasses 
is used contains large quantities of pot¬ 
ash. It is said that 306 tons of potash 
are wasted daily by the distilleries in this 
country which ferment molasses in mak¬ 
ing their product. It ought to be possi¬ 
ble to make a reasonably cheap fertilizer 
from this material, although thus far 
little progress has been made. 
The U. S. Geological Survey is trying 
an experiment in evaporating brines from 
the salt mines of the country. They find 
that almost all of these brines contain 
more or less potash mixed with sodium 
and other salts. By fractional evapora¬ 
tion, which means evaporating by stages 
and removing the different salts at va¬ 
rious times, considerable potash may be 
obtained. There is some hope along this 
line, although as in the other cases it is 
in the experiment stage thus far. An¬ 
other source of potash has now been de¬ 
veloped. The southwestern part of this 
country is covered with immense crops of 
cactus on the great plains stretching from 
Texas west. It has been found that the 
ash of this cactus contains on the average 
about 25 per cent, of potash. In that 
dry climate it appears to be compara¬ 
tively easy to burn the cactus and de¬ 
velop this ash and there are such vast 
quantities of the plant that it actually 
becomes of economic importance. It 
takes time naturally to develop such 
things, but the work has now been started 
and sooner or later there will be definite 
results. No one can expect practical help 
for this season’s planting, but in the end 
this search for American potash will suc¬ 
ceed and prove an excellent thing for the 
country. 
Coal Ashes and Hen Manure. 
I use fine coal ashes on the dropping 
board in the poultry house. Does it 
ruin the henhouse manure in any way? 
Salisbury, Md. o. K. 
The sifted coal ashes are all right for 
this purpose. They contain practically 
no lime, and thus there would be no 
chemical action to set free the ammonia 
in the hen manure. These fine ashes dry 
out the manure, and thus keep it well, 
for there would be little if any loss from 
the manure if it is kept perfectly dry. 
Wood ashes on the other hand should 
never be used with the manure. They 
contain lime, from the burnt wood, and 
this lime will surely change the form 
of the ammonia in the manure and help 
to set it free. 
Coming Farmers’ Meetings. 
International Live Stock Exposition, 
Chicago, Nov. 27-Dec. 4. 
New York Palace Show, New York, 
Dec. 7-31. 
Maryland State Grange, annual meet¬ 
ing, Salisbury, Md., Dec. 7-9. 
Poultry Raisers’ Association of Ilam- 
monton, N. J., fifth annual show, Ilam- 
monton, N. J., Dec. 7-9. 
Diamond State Poultry and Pigeon 
Show, Wilmington, Del., Dec. 7-31. 
Delaware State Grange, Dover, Del., 
Dec. 14-16. 
Breeders’ and Dairymen’s Association 
annual meeting, Exposition Park, Ro¬ 
chester, N. Y., Dec. 14-17. 
North Jersey Poultry Association 
Newton, N. J., Dec. 14-17. 
American Cheviot Sheep Society, Fay¬ 
etteville, N. Y., Dec. 18. 
Farmers’ Week, Pa., Agricultural Col¬ 
lege, State College, Pa., Dec. 27-Jan 1. 
Philadelphia Poultry Show, Philadel¬ 
phia, Pa., Dec. 34-18. 
University Horticultural Society of 
Ohio State University, fifth annual show, 
Columbus, O., second week in December. 
Reading Pigeon and Poultry Associa¬ 
tion, annual show, Reading, Pa., Dec. 
6 - 11 . 
Pacific International Live Stock Ex¬ 
position, No. Portland, Ore., Dec. 6-11. 
Ninth annua! corn show of Delaware 
corn growers, Seaford, Del., Dee. 8-11. 
Berks Corn Contest, Reading, Pa., 
Dec. 24. 
Pennsylvania State Grange, State Col¬ 
lege, Pa., Dec. 21-24. 
New York Poultry Show, Madison 
Square Garden, Dec. 33-.Tan. 5. 
Annual Corn and Grain Show, Tracy, 
Minn., Jan. 3-8, 1916. 
American Delaine Merino Association, 
Columbus, O., Jan. 5. 
West Virginia State Horticultural So¬ 
ciety, Morgantown, W. Va., Jan. 5-6. 
N. Y. State Fruit Growers Associa¬ 
tion, Rochester, Jan. 5-7. 
Peninsular Horticultural Society, Eas¬ 
ton, Md., Jan. 11-14. 
Boston Poultry Show, Boston, Mass., 
Jan. 31-35. 
Virginia State Horticultural Society, 
twentieth annual meeting and fruit ex¬ 
hibit, Charlottesville, Va., Jan. 12-13, 
1916. 
Vermont State Poultry Association an¬ 
nual show, St. Albans, Vt., Jan. 18-21, 
1916. 
New York State Agricultural Society, 
Albany, Jan. 19. 
New York State Association of County 
Agricultural Societies, Albany, N. Y., 
Jan. 20. 
National Western Stock Show, Den¬ 
ver, Colo., Jan. 17-22, 1916. 
Amherst Poultry Association second 
annual show, Amherst, Mass., Jan. 18- 
19, 1936. 
National Poland-China Record Asso¬ 
ciation, Dayton, O., Jan. 26. 
Pennsylvania State Board of Agricul¬ 
ture. Harrisburg, Jan. 26. 
Western N. Y. Horticultural Society. 
Rochester, Jan. 26-28. 
N. Y. State Tobacco Growers’ Associa¬ 
tion, Baldwinsville, N. l r ., Jan. 29. 
N. Y. State Grange, Jamestown, Feb. 
1-4. 
New Jersey State Board of Agricul¬ 
ture, Trenton, Feb. 2-4. 
Farmers’ Week, N. Y. College of Agri¬ 
culture, Ithaca, Feb. 7-12. 
New Y’ork Vegetable Growers’ Asso¬ 
ciation, Ithaca, N. Y r ., Feb. 8-11. 
IIolstein-Friesian Club of New York 
State, Syracuse, N. Y., March 1. 
National Feeders’ and Breeders’ Show, 
Fort Worth, Tex., March 11-17, 1916. 
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KNIGHT LIGHT CO. 
387 Knight Bldg., CHICAGO 
-Lm LIME — 
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Because MARL-LIME is soluble it will vield quicker and 
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CALEDONIA MARL BRANCH 
808 MARINE BANK BLDG- BUFFALO. N. Y. 
ASK 
our sales 
office near¬ 
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prices and 
terms on fertil¬ 
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Cheer Up! 
TOWERS FISH BRAND 
REFLEX SLICKER I5.| 
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5 \ A.J. TOWER CO., 
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RHODES DOUBLE CUT 
PRUNING SHEAR 
RHODES MFC. CO. 
529 So. Division flve., 
Cut9 from 
both sides of 
limb and does 
not bruise 
the bark. 
We pay Ex¬ 
press charges 
on all orders. 
Write for 
circular and 
prices. 
GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. 
CKUNKS 
W RAW FURS Vf 
and all 
kinds of 
RAW FURS WANTED 
Highest cash prices paid as soon 
as goods arrive. Twenty 
years in business. Best of 
references. Write for price- 
list and shipping tags and 
keep posted on the fur 
market. 
CHARLES A. KAUNE 
284 Bridge St., Montgomery, N. Y. 
1915 has proven a wonderful year. Bigger 
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ay Far- 
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Save 35 to 50 % On Your 
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Get a niece of the melon Galloway will 
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3429 Trinity Bldg., New York 
MAKE BIG PAY DRILLING 
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WILLIAMS BROS., 432 W. State St., Ithaca, N. Y. 
Wood Saws 
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Write for Cuts and l’rices. 
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1 
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