1446 
TIME RUFtAI* 
Live Stock Notes 
The New England Dairy Business. 
At a recent meeting of Holstein 
Grange, Prof. McLean of Amherst in 
lecturing on the subject of dairy produc¬ 
tion and dairy cows, spoke several im¬ 
portant truths which should be called to 
the attention of the Massachusetts farm¬ 
ers who are engaged in raising dairy cat¬ 
tle and making milk for market. As 
raising the calf and selection of those to 
raise is the most important part of the 
business we will take that first. It does 
not pay to use a scrub bull if you wish 
to improve your herd. It does not pay 
to use a purebred which can be bought 
cheap, say $50 or $00. You cannot af¬ 
ford to use one costing less than $200. 
Why? For just this reason. A bull 
which you can buy for $50 or $00 has 
no record behind him; that is, his ances¬ 
tors, his parents, etc., have no record or 
this bull would sell for much more money. 
The bull which you would have to pay 
about $200 for would have these import¬ 
ant recommendations and would undoubt¬ 
edly produce calves that would make 
good, that would when they came into 
milking produce more than enough milk 
and butterfat above what the calves 
raised from scrub or grade cows sired by 
the $60 bull would produce, in one year, 
to more than pay for the difference in 
price you paid for the bull. 
You cannot afford to keep poor cows. 
You cannot afford to raise calves that 
will make poor cows, and to be sure 
your calves will make good cows you 
must have ancestors with good records 
behind them. The first six months is 
the critical time, and they should have 
proper care and feed during this time 
and be well started toward a perfect 
maturity, which it is essential to have 
if you expect results, and a promising 
animal that will surely repay this feed 
and care. Too many instead of doing 
the above or raising their own stock go 
to Vermont, New Hampshire, New York 
or somewhere else, and buy the best they 
can find for sale, but, right here is the 
question. Do they get the best? No, 
they don’t. All of the above are dairy 
sections. Farmers in these sections pro¬ 
duce dairy products and don’t sell their 
best cows. The ones they sell are those 
they don’t want, and these are what you 
must buy when you go to .these sections 
for your stock to fill up your herd. 
To carry this matter further, starting 
with good grades or any good common 
stock as the case may be, using a good, 
or the best bull, you can get and work¬ 
ing along the qji^ve lines, at the end of 
10 years or so u would secure a herd 
of good or high grades according to what 
stock you had used and how carefully 
you had conducted the experiment. Be¬ 
yond this, if you still wanted to improve 
your records of production, you would 
have to get a still better bull than you 
had been using, one costing probably $500 
or so, would be necessary to produce an 
improvement that would be noticeable. 
Another important point, start with a 
breed that is known and in demand, one 
that is readily salable at good prices for 
good stock. New England is the breed¬ 
ing ground. The West and South will be 
your future buyers. liaise what these 
sections will demand and a good profit 
is yours. Also, it is a good plan for a 
section or neighborhood to raise largely 
of one breed and thus establish a reputa¬ 
tion for that section for that certain 
breed; under this plan sales will be 
easier and prices satisfactory. A buy¬ 
er from a faraway section will come 
to a section like the above because he 
knows he can get what he wants and as 
many as he wants right in the neighbor¬ 
hood, and not have to go hunting through 
several sections to obtain them. 
Prof. McLean also made a good point 
on the cost of production of milk. He 
stated he believed there is a profit in the 
production of milk in most cases, but of 
course not all. Producers are apt to 
rate the cost of feed too high; to charge 
$20 or $25 a ton for hay is not right. 
If all the hay which goes to feed dairy 
cattle was put on the market as hay, 
would it bring the above prices? I don’t 
think so. The price would be nearer $7 
per ton than $25. In making milk you 
market the products you raise on your 
farm by making them into milk, and it is 
a mistake to charge too high a price on 
these products that go to make the milk, 
or to charge what a small part of this 
crop brings when sold as a crop, as if the 
whole product of the country was sold 
this way the price would surely be much 
lower. Undoubtedly there is much truth 
in the above argument and it will bear 
studying. Lastly, dairy production is the 
surest way to keep up the fertility of 
our farms if conducted intelligently. This 
also is surely so. a. e. p. 
Massachusetts. 
Our farm is located about 1 V& mile 
from Bloomingburg, and about seven 
miles to Middletown. This section is 
given up almost wholly to dairying, sell¬ 
ing the entire product to milk compan¬ 
ies. Holstein cattle (grades) are in the 
vast majority, but many farmers are grad¬ 
ually working into registered stock. The 
farmers within a circle, of say two miles, 
from our farm sell milk to the follow¬ 
ing companies: Highview Creamery Milk 
Co. at Circleville, MacDermott’s at How¬ 
ells, Evans Co. at Wintertown, Bordens 
and Sheffield Cos. at Middletown. Bor¬ 
den's prices prevail generally, but at some 
of the places you do not have to sign con¬ 
tracts for a given period, or in other 
words you may quit selling milk to such 
a company whenever you desire to do so. 
The farmers here as in many other dairy 
sections are much dissatisfied, and have 
hard enough to make an honest living, so 
I have noticed in the past few years, 
many have planted a larger garden, or a 
patch of sweet corn or what not, to turn 
an extra penny for when the city board¬ 
ers arrive in July and August there is 
quite a decent market around the small 
villages. A very few have enlarged their 
flock of hens, but find where they must 
sell eggs locally the year around there 
is not much in it, unless they raise a 
large portion of the poultry feed. Fresh 
cows $75 to $1)0, grocers at Middletown 
offer 00-95 per bushel for potatoes, ap¬ 
ples (flour barrel) $1.50 to $2. Eggs 
50; markets offer 15c per lb. live weight 
for fowls, 16 for chickens. Very little 
pork sold as yet by farmers here. Prac¬ 
tically no grain sold off the farms. 
Farmers here are frightened to death of 
city commission men ; when they do have 
a little stuff to sell, will dump it on a 
flooded market at Middletown rather than 
take a chance shipping to an unknown 
commission firm. h. s. r. 
Orange Co., N. Y. 
The price of cows in this section var¬ 
ies from $50 to $75, that is good grade 
milk cows. Young cattle are bringing 
from $55 to $40 acording to age and 
grade. Butter 28 to 32, creamery 35. re¬ 
tail at our local groceries; cheese 13 to 
14, selling price from factories. Fruit 
very scarce in this county (St. Law¬ 
rence). Apples are being shipped in for 
$3.50 per bbl. No apples for sale. No 
other fruits sold here. Potatoes are 
bringing from 80 cents to $1 per bu., be¬ 
ing few for sale. Onions $1 per bu.; 
cabbage 5 cents per head; turnips 50 
cents per bu. Eggs 35 and 40 cents. 
Brier Ilill, N. Y. j. D. M. 
Butter from 28 to 34; eggs 40 to 45; 
lard 12; flour $6.50 to $6.90 bbl.; rye 
75; corn 88; oats 45 to 50; wheat $1.03. 
Apples $1 bu.; hay from $18 to $20; 
straw $10 to $12; milk from $1.50 to 
$1.75 cwt.; chickens 11 to 12; steers 7- 
8^c lb.; turkeys 25. I. b. e. 
lititz, Pa. 
I live in a farming community in 
northern part of Essex County, on bor¬ 
der of Lake Champlain. I have not heard 
of a single auction around here for two 
months. Draft horses weighing from 
1200 to 1500 pounds sell at private sale 
around here for about $200, grade cows 
and good ones $50 each. Quite a lot of 
registered Holstein cattle around this 
part, and they sell at different prices ac¬ 
cording to test; good registered cows are 
bringing $150 each. Hay $16 to $17 per 
ton delivered on the cars baled. Pota¬ 
toes 55c f.o.b. cars; apples $2.50 to $3 
per barrel, Winter stock. Dressed pork, 
light, that is less than 200 pounds, $10 
per 100 pounds. Hay was poor crop in 
this vicinity this year. Plenty of good 
young draft horses for sale and a few 
cows. c. I. j. 
Boquet, N. Y. 
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NEW-YORKER 
December 4, 1915. 
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T^ON’T knock off so early for milking. 
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Let us send you description and pictures of 
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are making good in many fine dairies. Ask also for 
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21 different Remediesieacb 
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The Rural New Yorker, 333 West 30th St., N. Y. 
