14bZ 
THE RUKA.L, NEW-YORKER 
December 11, 1915. 
HOPE FARM NOTES 
Weather. —To give you an idea of 
what North Jersey has done this Fall I 
may say that we finished digging carrots 
the day after Thanksgiving. This is later 
than usual, but the roots were in good 
condition. The crop is hot heavy, though 
as we had a larger acreage than last year 
we have more carrots. There is a demand 
for them, and we sell a few, hut most of 
this crop will he saved for horse feeding. 
The mangels were rather better than last 
year, hut thus far we have not been able 
to grow any such roots as some of our 
readers tell about. It is evidently neces¬ 
sary to have the soil in just the right 
shape to grow big rtiangels. Late Octo¬ 
ber and early November were cold, with 
several hard frosts, hut after Thanks¬ 
giving the weather turned wanner and 
resembled our usual samjde of Septem¬ 
ber. It has been on the whole a good 
Fall for work. 
Crops. —I sold our apples promptly. 
Ordinary farm storage is not reliable, and 
in case of a warm Fall there will be con¬ 
siderable loss. It seems like a pretty 
theory to hold apples until after Christ¬ 
mas and then get high prices, hut every 
time I have tried it with farm cellar 
storage, I have lost more than l gained, 
to say nothing of the labor of picking the 
fruit over and working out inferior stuff. 
With cold storage this Ts different, but I 
am speaking of the facilities which most 
fanners have for home storage. I try to 
figure what the apples cost as fairly as 
possible, and when I can get a price 
which offers a reasonable margin above 
this cost, I let them go as quickly as I 
can deliver. Thus in September we be¬ 
gan to advertise in our local paper, and 
there was a great response. We made 
our price reasonable and gave good ap¬ 
ples, and the way the orders came in was 
remarkable. I think some farmers make 
a great mistake in holding people up for 
an extravagant price. Our plan is to sell 
at a reasonable figure—say about 75 per 
cent, of what the stores charge, and give 
good measure and good quality. You may 
not make quite so much this year, but 
you start a sure and permanent trade 
which will always stand by you. Our 
customers appreciate fair treatment and 
come back year after year. 
Potatoes. —Our own crop was the 
largest we have had in 10 years, and it 
was quickly sold. We had to buy 25 bar¬ 
rels in order to supply what we had prom¬ 
ised. When we buy outside potatoes we 
cook fair samples out of each lot to test 
them, and always tell our customers 
about them. It pays to be entirely 
straight about this. Thus far the pota¬ 
toes we have bought have turned out 
well. The crop pays us better than most 
other garden crops. Our soil is late and 
cold, so that we cannot get very early 
tomatoes, and thus we miss the higher 
prices. There is always a good market 
for potatoes around one dollar a bushel. 
While little of our soil is natural potato 
land we usually get a fair crop where we 
plow under a sod, or a heavy cover crop 
with clover in it. Next year I shall cut 
out most of the garden crops and plant 
potatoes on all suitable land. We could 
have handled 1,000 bushels more this sea¬ 
son if wo had them. 
Cok.y. —We had our best crop of grain 
this year. It is all husked and in the 
cribs. The barn is full of the dry fodder, 
and the rest stacked outside near the 
barnyard. We began feeding the stalks 
earlier than usual this season. They 
seem to be at their best right after husk¬ 
ing, and it is a mistake to wait, as many 
do, until late Winter before starting to 
feed. Begin now and get the most out 
of them and then feed the hay during late 
Winter. I find more interest than ever 
before in this cornstalk feeding problem. 
There has been much soft corn and badly 
frosted stalks. Most of this was dent 
corn of a kind which cannot mature in 
less than 120 days at least. With a cold, 
wet Spring, such corn is slow to start and 
grow, and when suitable weather does ap¬ 
pear there is not time for these big dents 
to ripen. I think most northern farmers 
will do better to try the Mints for their 
hard grain. The first time a man tries 
one of these smaller flints he becomes 
rather disgusted at the small stalk and 
small ear. Let him figure it out care¬ 
fully, however, and he will usually find 
that the smaller plant of flint corn actu¬ 
ally gives more food for his stock than the 
larger d«.nt. I know of course that the 
corn plant is peculiar in its adaptability. 
Of all crops it comes nearest to proving 
“there is no place like home,” for usually 
the best local corn is the best to grow in 
your locality. I think, however, that it 
will pay any farmer to experiment with 
the flints. 
Ai.faj.fa.—A s you know, last Spring I 
obtained seedling roots of some new Sibe-: 
rian Alfalfas from Prof. Hansen of South 
Dakota. They were transplanted like cab¬ 
bage or tomatoes in various parts of the 
farm. During tin* Summer these plants 
made heavy growth, and are now much 
larger than in Spring. The crowns have 
broadened and spread out, and though 
these plants were started three feet apart 
they bid fair to cover the ground in time. 
The roots of these varieties, Fossaek and 
Semipalatinsk, are much different from 
the old tap-rooted sorts. These roots 
branch out like corn or potatoes. While 
they dig down deep they also fill the up¬ 
per soil. I think these newer varieties of 
Alfalfa will go far to solve a hard prob¬ 
lem on many of our Eastern soils. When 
we get off the limestone formations onto 
the tough, hard soils which are deficient 
in lime and humus we have a great job to 
make Alfalfa pay. We hear of some 
eases where the crop succeeds, but as a 
rule it is not of much greater value than 
Red and Alsike clover mixed. Now I 
think those Siberian varieties are better 
adapted to most of our Eastern soils and 
that we shall learn how to handle them 
so as to put thousands of acres into profit¬ 
able Alfalfa culture. In some few cases 
transplanting will pay—but not in all. 
I shall try it on a larger scale next year, 
but I want to go through with it before 
giving much advice. 
Irrigation'.—I am satisfic'd that the 
future of successful farming in New Jer¬ 
sey will depend very largely on artificial 
watering. With the growth of popula¬ 
tion our farm land will become more 
crowded and more valuable. Thus our 
overhead expenses will be heavier, and we 
must make our land produce more. This 
can be done by insuring against drought 
through some means of irrigation. At 
the east end of my farm is a fair-sized 
brook, which usually carries a good 
stream—fed by never-failing springs. The 
farm rises to the west up to a steep hill, 
and then slopes down on the other side. 
About half way up the hill is a good 
spring which has not run dry for 15 
years, at least. An engineer looked over 
the farm and suggested three possible 
ways of irrigating. One is to drill a deep 
well at the top of the hill until a good 
vein of water is tapped. Pump this 
water into a reservoir and pipe it both 
ways—that is down both sides of the hill 
upon any ground below the top. This 
would be expensive for pumping and stor¬ 
age, and it might be necessary to drill to 
a great depth before finding water enough. 
The next scheme is to dig out the spring 
on the hillside, make a reservoir for the 
water and pump it uphill to be delivered 
back as needed. The third plan is to put 
a dam across the brook at the lower part 
of the farm and thus form a pond; put a 
pump near this pond and force the water 
back over the lower farm. We could 
cover about 10 acres of good land in this 
way, which would be about all the aver¬ 
age grower would care to handle. The 
last named plan seems most practical, 
and I am considering it. The thought of 
putting this lazy brook at work appeals 
to me, and I would like to try it. I think 
the practical use of wasted water on our 
Eastern farms is one of our present big 
problems. ir. w. c. 
Locust for Fence. 
We are thinking of planting some lo¬ 
cust seeds next Spring and would like to 
know which variety makes the best fence 
posts? H. S. 
Sylvania, Pa. 
The only variety of locust grown for 
posts is the Yellow locust, called in some 
sections Black looust. It is botanically 
Robinia Pseudaeaeia. The Pennsylvania 
Railroad Company has planted immense 
areas of them in the mountains of Penn¬ 
sylvania to grow ties. I have grown them 
in North Carolina from seed large enough 
for a post in eight years. When used 
for posts it is best to use them green, 
for when well seasoned it is hard to drive 
a nail into them. w, F. MASSEY. 
] 
Do You 
Raise Corn 
for 12 Cents 
a Bushel? 
Do you believe that this 
can be done? 
Do you average 100 
bushels of Corn per acre? 
If you were planning to 
raise I 00 bushels of Corn 
per acre, at a cost of 1 2c. 
per bushel, how far apart 
would you space your rows? 
How far apart would you 
space your hills in the row? 
How would you test 
your seed? 
When would you plant? 
How deep would you 
plant and how many 
kernels in each hill? 
How would you make 
sure of getting ahead of 
the crows? 
How many acres ought 
your men and teams to 
plow, harrow, plant or 
cultivate in a day? 
How much fertilizer 
would you use and how 
would you apply it? 
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