1502 
rHB RURAL NEW-YORKER 
December 18, 1915, 
Feeding a Balanced Ration 
Live stock foods are roughly divided into four classes of substanccs--protein, or lean meat or muscle makers; carbohydrates, 
which arc starch or fat formers ; pure fat; and fiber, the latter being tough, indigestible matter. The protein cannot take the 
place of carbohydrates and fat, and the theory of a balanced ration is to combine the two classes of food so that there will be 
the least waste and still give the animal what it needs. The " nutritive ratio” means the ratio between protein and combined 
carbohydrates and fat. One part of protein to three of the other would be a " narrow” ratio, while one part to eight would be a 
” wide ratio. ^ 
- — The following analyses are used in figuring rations : - - ■■■ . . - 
Dry Matter 
Fat 
Digestible 
Protein Carbo 
Feeding Stuff 
Dry Matter 
Fat 
Digestible 
Proton Carbo 
20.7 
.5 
1.0 
and rat 
12 8 
Linseed Meal, O P. 
90 2 
7.8 
30 2 
and Fat 
47.5 
57.6 
1.6 
2 6 
37 3 
Hominy Chop 
Buckwheat Middlings 
9(1.4 
8 0 
6 8 
77.2 
84.7 
2.6 
4.2 
44.9 
87.2 
6.8 
22 7 
61.2 
84.7 
3.3 
7.1 
41.9 
Brewers Grains, dry 
91.3 
6 7 
20 0 
45.7 
86.8 
2.6 
2.8 
45.3 
Gluten Meal 
90.5 
6 6 
29.7 
56.2 
91.9 
2.1 
10.5 
42. f. 
Gluten heed 
90.8 
3.5 
21.3 
69.3 
85.0 
3.8 
6.7 
72.2 
Oats 
89.6 
4 8 
10 7 
62.3 
92.4 
12.2 
22.8 
65 8 
Harley 
89.2 
1.8 
9.4 
75.9 
88 1 
4.0 
11.9 
47.6 
Ryo 
91.3 
1.9 
9.6 
72.1 
Cottonseed Meal 
93 0 
10.2 
87.6 
43 0 
Carlot prices for standard feeding stuffs. 
Cottonseed 
Bran. Middlings. Red Dog. Corn Meal. Meal. 
New York . 22.50(5)23.50 24.00@27.00 31.00@32.00 30.00@31.00 38.00@39.00 
Boston . 23.00(6)24.00 25.00@27.00 31.00(6)31.50 31.00@31.50 38.00@39.00 
Philadelphia . 23.00@23.50 25.00@27.50 30.00@30.50 30.00(5)31.00 38.50@39.00 
Pittsburgh . 22.00roj22.50 24.00@26.00 29.50@30.00 29.00@30.00 37.50(5)38.00 
Cleveland . 21.00@22.00 23.50@25.50 28.00@29.50 26.50@27.50 38.00@38.50 
LOCAL PRICES. 
Zanesville, Ohio, wheat bran, ton, $24; mid¬ 
dlings, $28; corn meal, $37; oil meal, $40; cot¬ 
tonseed meal, $37; B. gluten, $30; dairy feed, 
$26. 
Dunkard, Greene Co., Pa., wheat bran, ton, 
$28; 100 lbs., $1,60; middlings, $30, $1.75; corn 
meal, $32, $1.90; cotton seed meal, $34, $2.00; 
oil meal, $38, $2.25; beet pulp, $30, $1.75. 
Derry, Pa., wheat bran, 100 lbs., $1.40; brown 
middlings, $1.60; white middlings, $1.90; chop 
corn, $1.80; corn meal, $2.50; wheat screenings, 
bushel, $.75; old shelled corn, $1.00. 
Export, Pa., wheat bran, ton, $25; middlings, 
$28 to $30; cotton seed meal, $39; corn meal, 
$33. 
Alexander, N. Y., corn meal, ton, $34; Spring 
wheat bran, $25; winter wheat bran, $26; mid¬ 
dlings, $28; flour mids., $32; Buffalo gluten, $28; 
cotton seed meal, $38; oilmeal, $39. 
Andover, N. Y., wheat bran, ton, $24.50; 
corn meal, $30.50; gluten feed, $29.50; mid¬ 
dlings, 100 lbs., $1.70. 
Angelica, N. Y., wheat bran, ton, $24; corn 
meal, $29; cottonseed meal, $37; Buffalo gluten 
feed, $27; dried brewers’ grain, $28; middlings, 
$28. 
Elliott, Conn., bran, ton, $25.40; middlings, 
$29.60; corn meal, $30.80. 
Hamilton, Ohio, bran, ton, $25; middlings, $31; 
clover, $19. 
Batavia, N. Y., bran, ton, $30; gluten, $33; 
brewers' grains, $30; middlings, $33; corn, car 
lots, $.85 to $.90; corn meal, 100 lbs., $1.50 to 
$1.60. 
Trenton, Ohio, wheat middlings, ton, $35; 
middlings, 100 lbs., $29; bran, $27. 
LLinton, Ind., cracked corn, ton, $27.50; bran 
and shorts, $27; white middlings, $32; corn 
meal, $33; corn and oats chop, $27.60. 
Lancaster, Ohio, wheat bran, ton, $26; mid¬ 
dlings, $30; com meal, $30. 
Punxsutawney, Pa., bran, ton, $35; ear corn, 
bu., 40 cents; oats, 40 to 60 cents; buckwheat, 
bran, ton, $25. 
East Thompson, Conn., bran, ton, $28; 100 lbs., 
$1.45; middlings, $29; 100 lbs., $1.50; meal, $31; 
100 lbs., $1.60; oats, 2-bu. bag, $1.05. 
Oxford, Ohio, wheat bran, ton, $23; middlings, 
$27; cotton seed meal, $36; corn meal, lb., .02. 
Zanesville, Ohio, wheat bran, ton, $24; mid¬ 
dlings, $28. 
Balancing the Horse’s Rations 
It used to be held that the nutritive 
ration for a horse at light work should 
be 1:7.0; for medium work, 1:6.0 and 
for heavy work, 1:6.2, but more recent 
experiments have indicated that a wider 
ration between the proteids of the feed 
best for the horse to chew his feed, in¬ 
stead of having it ground for him. It 
also is important to allow him as long a 
time as possible for such feed chewing. 
Hurried feeding means incomplete mas¬ 
tication, or actual bolting of feed and 
consequent indigestion. Balancing the 
ration for horses then means that not 
only must the chemical proportions 
among the nutrients be approximately 
correct, hut that the proportion between 
concentrate and roughage shall be cor¬ 
rect. It has been found, without resort 
to the chemical laboratory, that approx¬ 
imately one' pound of Timothy hay, as 
standard, will serve for each 100 pounds 
of body weight of a working horse, and 
that figuring in the same way he will need 
from one and one-fifth to one and one- 
third pound of concentrate per hundred 
pounds. In idleness the roughage may be 
increased and the concentrate reduced to 
one pound or less per 100. Where a leg¬ 
ume hay, such as clover or Alfalfa, is 
fed, the concentrate may be lessened in 
amount, or corn may he increased in 
amount, as it is rich in starch and fat 
and low in protein, which is abundant in 
the hays mentioned. While whole oats 
contain a good deal of husk, and that 
serves to lighten the concentrate in the 
stomach, a roughage is absolutely neces¬ 
sary. Cut hay or cut straw added to the 
whole oats adds bulk to the ration and 
balances’it so far as need of roughage 
is concerned, hut the horse likes to eat 
some long hay, and should have that at 
night. It has been found that grind¬ 
ing oats seldom pays, but barley, x-ye or 
wheat should be rolled, or soaked if made 
part of the grain ration. Oats remains 
the best grain feed for horses, and ear 
corn feeds a vast number of farm horses 
and the carbohydrates and fat may he 
provided with satisfactory results. Dr. 
McCampbell, of the Kansas Experiment 
Station, conducted an elaborate series 
of feeding tests with army horses at Ft. 
Riley,’ and came to the conclusion that 
the ratio should not be much if any 
wider than 1:8, and that may now he 
taken as the standard figure with 1:10 
possibly allowable for an idle horse. 
Nearly 66 per cent, of the digestible nu¬ 
trients fed to a horse are required as fuel 
to maintain the temperature of the body, 
while 2.43 pounds of net nutrients suf¬ 
fice to suppy the needs of the internal 
work of the body and repair waste. The 
horse must, therefore, first be fed the 
feed of maintenance, for heating and re¬ 
pair • purposes, and in addition a suffi¬ 
cient amount of nourishment from which 
to generate energy for work. It is con¬ 
sidered that one pound of protein is a 
sufficient provision for 1000 pounds of 
body weight as a day’s ration. This 
amount may be lessened in idleness, and 
increased somewhat when hard work is 
being done. It may suffice even in hard 
work, hut an excess of nitrogen, if fully 
worked off, is considered useful or benefi¬ 
cial to the horse. It is the excess of ni¬ 
trogen, stored in the body cells, over¬ 
working the excretory organs and over¬ 
loading the blood, that tends to prove dan¬ 
gerous' to the idle horse that suddenly is 
put to work. The result is azoturia if 
work is done, or lymphangitis in idleness. 
Most farmers and horse feeders allow 
too much hay and too little concentrated 
feed. They forget that the horse’s stom¬ 
ach is very small, having a capacity of 
but 3.5 gallons, or thereabout, and that 
the horse needs concentrated nourishing 
feed in comparatively small quantities. 
They also tend to forget that perfect mas¬ 
tication of the feed is important for 
horses. Such mastication insures per¬ 
fect insalivation and that is necessary 
to proper digestion. It, therefore, is 
in certain parts of the country, and forms 
a balanced ration with Alfalfa or clover 
hay. Indeed the corn and Alfalfa is the 
cheapest Balanced ration we have In the 
West for horse feeding. Corn silage may 
also be carefully fed to the idle horse, 
but very little of it should he given to the ( 
working horse, as it is too bulky and also 
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for STOCK TANKS 
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1 
Q: 
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FEED 
5, 
FOR DAIRY COWS 
Will positively produce more milk than any 
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Absolutely freefrom adulterants and fillers, just like 
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=0 
/Half the Feed 
No Disease 
•*Wonld not be without my stock feed cooker, 
ft la fine for pigs. Feed them on half the corn 1 
Used to feed, and they do better. I have not had 
any sicknoss of any kind Bincc I had the cooker.** 
M. L. k 
Less feed and more meat means bigger prof, 
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WOl 
L full 
VtO} 
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<Tmde-M*rfc. Btglxtcrcd) 
HORSE WORKS AS USUAL WINTER OR SUMMER. 
“It Was a Bad Case and I Didn’t Think You Could Cure 
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nearly four years. Save-Thc-Horse turned the 
trick in a short time. 
Every bottle said with a Signed 
Contract to return money If 
Kcmedy fulls on Hingbone—Tlior- 
opiu — SPAVIN— or A ,\ Y 
Shoulder, Kneo, Ankle, Hoof or 
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2 0 YEAItS A S U C O E 8 S. 
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BEND TODAY 
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MINERAL HEAVE REMEDY C0„ 461 Fourth A«e„ Pittsburg, Pa. 
| woBiii 1 Wo $7 5. Separators 
B-211 
Mr. Geo. Rjgdon, of Harvard, Mich.. 
wroto mo: * 1 paid $100 apieco for 
m } r two and $85 for my )a«t sep¬ 
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Sanitary Bath-in-Oil Cream Scpar- 
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tho New Galloway Sanitary 
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Vegetable Gardening, Watts .$ 1.75 
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Garden Farming, Corbett . 2.00 
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Farm Manures, Thorne . 1,50 
Farm Management, Warren . 1.75 
Irrigation and DVainage, King . 1.50 
For sale by THF RURAL NEW- 
YORKER, 333 W. 30th St., New York, 
