Cross-cut Saw-Mill and Horse-Power. 
The above cut represents a simple and effective ap¬ 
paratus for sawing wood, cutting off logs, and cutting 
timber into various forms, by means of horse power. It 
is manufactured by Messrs. Emery &Co., of this city, 
and was exhibited by them at the last State fair. The 
anangement is very simple, as it is only necessary to 
affix a strong wrist, or crank-pin in one of the arms of 
the large converge wheel, (as shown,) and attaching a 
connecting rod or pitman to the saw itself, or to a light 
frame, in which the saw is sometimes strained. If the 
saw is strained, it may be quite light—about three in¬ 
ches wide and five or six feet long. If it is not strained, 
it should be stout and strong, and six or eight inches 
wide, with teeth filed to cut with the drawing stroke, so 
as to avoid the liability of breaking the saw. The mo¬ 
tion as given with the power above represented, (about 
sixty revolutions per minute,) is found sufficient without 
any extra gearing or expense. 
Mr. P. B. Haven, of Sangerfield, N. Y., who has had 
one of these machines in use the past season, states that 
two men with a two-horsepower, without any change of 
horses, can readily work up from ten to fourteen cords 
of hard wood, into lengths of eighteen inches, in a day, 
and that he has cut off a solid hard wood log, two feet 
through, in two minutes. 
The ease and facility with which this apparatus can be 
made to perform what has heretofore been a laborious 
and tedious operation, is another economical application 
of the power of horses in lieu of manual labor, which 
deserves the attention of farmers in the lumbering dis¬ 
tricts, and all those who have wood and timber to be 
prepared for market or for use. The arrangement of the 
machinery is so simple, that it can be put together by 
any mechanic. The cost of a saw is about one dollar 
per foot in length ; the cost of a one-horse power, which 
is sufficient for working the saw, is $80—that for a two- 
horse power which is better calculated for threshing, &c., 
is $110. The expense of the frame or rigging, will vary 
from five to twenty dollars-—making the whole cost of 
the apparatus, for a one-horse power, from $90 to $105, 
and that for a two-horse power $120 to $135. For fur¬ 
ther particulars inquire of Messrs. Emery & Co., Agri¬ 
cultural Warehouse, Albany. 
Breeding Stock. — I seriously tell you that without 
judgment, without constant application, without great 
research into the proper characteristic traits of breed 
and formation of animals, we shall never come to any¬ 
thing satisfactory: I consider character the main link 
in the whole chain of breeding; for without character 
you have nothing to guide you. Then comes the touch 
or handle —this is very essential; and the color of a 
beast is not to be neglected—it must be in character ac¬ 
cording to their description. Now there are various 
kinds of beasts which uniformly' support a character in 
themselves: and I may say the same of sheep. I am not 
disposed to flatter one breed or disparage another, for I 
really do think they are all useful in their separate locali¬ 
ties.— Lecture before an English Farmers’ Club. 
Composts. —Lime is a substance wffiich it is an error 
to use with composts in which we have farm-yard manure. 
It is equally an error to mix lime with any compound 
rich in ammonia. The tendency of lime, in all com¬ 
posts, is to promote decomposition and to waste nitrogen, 
which escapes, by union with hydrogen under the form 
of ammonia, which is the very treasure of the dung 
heap, and of most other manuring substances.— Mor¬ 
ton’s Practical Agriculture 
