1851. 
THE CULTIVATOR. 
237 
Answers to Inquiries. 
Transplanting Strawberries. —“ When is the best 
time to transplant strawberries, after it has been omitted 
in spring?’’ G. W. C. 
As soon after the bearing season as practicable. The 
earlier they are set out, the better will be the growth 
they will make before winter,- and the more perfect will 
be the crop next year. 
Many persons lose all the plants they remove at mid¬ 
summer, even after laborious watering, by not doing the 
work right. As soon as the plants are taken up, the 
leaves should be all removed but the small central ones 
not yet half expanded; the roots should be immersed in 
mud, and the plants then set out- the earth should be 
settled about them by pouring on water, and then fine 
earth drawn around them to form a mellow surface. A 
coating of fine manure, two inches thick, should then be 
placed about them, which will keep the ground moist, 
and prevent baking if anysubsequent watering is needed, 
which will scarcely ever be the case. On suitable soil, 
not one plant in twenty will be lost. 
Succession of Pears. —“ For how many months of 
the year can a supply of good pears be had, and what 
would be a good selection for this purpose?” W. 
In the northern States, pears may be had for nine 
months of the year without difficulty, if sufficient atten¬ 
tion is given to selection and culture. The earliest pear 
is the Andre Joannet, small, productive, and third rate. 
A week later is the Madeleine, a good variety, ripening 
with the wheat crop. The Summer Doyenne ripens 
about the same time, and is nearly as good,—both being 
eminently desirable sorts. A week or two later are the 
English Jargonelle and Skinless , pears of good but not 
of the highest quality, but better than many of thefar 
brought, and dear bought” varieties of which so much 
has been said. The Jargonelle is worthless without house¬ 
ripening, and the Madeleine is greatly improved by it. 
Next to these follow the Bloodgood and Dearborn , then 
the Rostiezer and Tyson, which are the two best sum¬ 
mer pears for quality. The only objection to the Ros¬ 
tiezer is its small size 9 it holds the same place among 
summer pears that the Seckel does among those of au¬ 
tumn ; and the only objection to the Tyson is its tardy 
bearing. The Bartlett, which commences ripening at 
the close of summer, is far famed for its size, produc¬ 
tiveness, and fine quality, and the free growth ahd early 
bearing of the tree. Among the best sorts for early 
autumn, are the Washington, Bilboa, St. Ghislain, 
Andrews, Belle Lucrative, and Heatlicot, all of medium 
size and fine quality. After them follow Flemish Beauty, 
Louise Bonne of Jersey, Onondaga, Autumn Paradise, 
Beurre Bose, Stevens’ Genesee, and Urbanisti, which are 
all above medium in size, and Seckel. the highest flavor¬ 
ed of all pears, which is small. A little later are Dix, 
Beurre d’Anjou, and White and Gray Doyenne. The 
two latter are unsurpassed for their good qualities, in 
all localities adapted to their growth. The Diel and 
Winkfield ripen late in autumn, extending into winter. 
Aniong the best early winter sorts are Glout Morceau, 
Winter Nelis, Aremberg , and Beurre Gris d’hiver Nou¬ 
veau, or Gray Winter Beurre. The Lawrence, a new 
sort, also.promises very highly. Passe Colmar (which 
should be well thinned, and have good culture) and 
Prince’s St. Germain, are good pears for mid-winter 
and Easter Beurre the best long keeper that has been 
tried to any considerable extent in this country. To 
ripen into a high flavor, the latter must have a very rich 
soil, and be well mulched in dry seasons. Specimens 
of this sort have sometimes kept nearly into summer, 
but such specimens are not commonly the best ripened, 
and are imperfect in flavor. An indispensible requisite 
to the successful keeping of winter pears, is the right 
kind of a cellar ■ which should be cool without freezing, 
moist enough to prevent shrivelling on one hand, and 
rotting on the other. From this, as is well known, they 
are to be removed into a warm room to become soft , rich, 
and fine for eating. 
Labor and its Pay. 
The New-England Farmer gives a good example of 
the successful management of an orchard. When the 
trees were an inch in diameter, manure was applied, and 
they were kept dug around, the circle thus cultivated 
being yearly increased in size as the roots extended in 
length. This circle has now become twelve feet in 
diameter. Chip manure, bones, ashes, and other fer¬ 
tilizing substances, are often applied. The result of this 
labor, is, that the owner obtains yearly large crops of 
beautiful and excellent fruit, and obtains more money 
from his orchard than many farmers do from all sour¬ 
ces, although this does not constitute his main business. 
Garden Economy at Midsummer. 
From almost every kitchen, there is a large amount 
of slops, soap-suds, and other waste liquids thrown 
away, disfiguring by a foetid puddle some half concealed 
spot of the kitchen yard. It is always as pleasing as it 
is rare, to see the back yard kept in as clean, neat and 
finished condition as those portions of the premises kept 
specially for exhibition to the eye. Happily there are 
a few. who by a well managed economy in this particu¬ 
lar, not only avoid all offensive odors about their dwel¬ 
lings, but contribute towards the vigorous and healthy 
growth of their garden vegetables and fruit trees, by 
the timely irrigation thus given them. We should like 
to exhibit to some who have been neglectful, the kitchen 
court of an acquaintance, which will challenge for neat¬ 
ness and cleanliness, any of the front yards of his neigh¬ 
bors. 
Irrigation simply in itself is highly beneficial to most 
garden plants; the benefit is increased by the fertilizing 
matter often contained in waste water. On light or 
gravelly soils for example, a free supply of water doubles 
the growth of the raspberry, and greatly improves the 
size and flavor of the fruit; and strawberries, as the 
fruit approaches maturity, are almost incredibly benefit- 
ted. A cultivator in one of our villages, applied water 
freely to his vegetables during the past summer. 11 In 
ten days,” he says, “ early potatoes grew two-thirds in 
size.” He had never obtained good potatoes before; 
other crops were greatly benefitted. 
In applying wash to fruit trees, it will be of little use 
to pour it on a narrow spot just at the foot of the trunk, 
where but few of the young roots can receive it, but it 
