260 
THE CULTIVATOR. 
Aug. 
or table land especially, deserves at least a passing no¬ 
tice. The corn is planted in rows about four feet apart, 
and the hills two feet asunder in the rows, which is 
worked from three to four times between the rows with 
a corn plow and cultivator ; and from the middle of 
August to the 10th of September, it is sown with wheat 
and plowed in, forming neat little ridges four feet from 
furrow to furrow, which thoroughly carries off from the 
surface any redundancy of water that might be prejudi¬ 
cial to the wheat crop during the winter and spring 
months. The corn is not usually cut up till November, 
and the wheat by being sown early, gets deeply rooted, 
and the ground becomes thoroughly covered and matted 
with the plants before the setting in of winter. 
The remarks on the subject of wheat culture in Ohio 
might have been much enlarged, but sufficient has been 
said to afford the general reader some idea of the most 
popular modes of culture adopted in this great wheat 
growing state. 
In the next number of The Cultivator, the cultiva¬ 
tion and management of the corn crop in Ohio, will form 
the basis for a few remarks from the pen of the writer 
of this communication. Mt. Vernon, Ohio. 
A Sketch of the late Judge Hays. 
Editors of the Cultivator —The true republican 
gentleman, the sound lawyer, the distinguished farmer 
of South Berwick, Me.,—Hon. William A. Hates —is 
no more. We may well mourn his death. Throughout 
a long life-time, he was a zealous, constant, and efficient 
contributor to the advancement of the Agriculture of 
his country. But his bright example lives; and from 
such a life an influence for good goes forth, mysteriously 
but surely extending itself, far beyond the limits of a 
district, or the life-time of a generation. I would in 
some humble measure aid the progress of that influence; 
and I now present your readers with a brief sketch of 
the life and doings of our departed friend. 
William Allen Hayes was the youngest of three broth¬ 
ers, children of David Hayes, and was born at North 
Yarmouth, Oct. 20, 1783. At the early age of nine 
years, death deprived him of the watchful solicitudes 
of a mother; and in three years after, of the protection 
and counsels of a father. The three orphan brothers, 
the eldest then but fifteen, continued at home, keeping 
house together without assistant or domestic, William 
working on the farm in summer, and attending the dis¬ 
trict school in winter, until, at the age of fifteen, he was 
invited to become the teacher of that same village school. 
Having now determined to obtain an education, he com¬ 
menced a preparation for college under the tuition of 
Rev. Mr. Anderson, the minister of his native town, 
amid the labors of the farm in summer, and of school¬ 
teaching in winter. In the year 1801, at the age of 
seveenteen. he disposed of his slender patrimony to his 
two brothers, and with the avails,—far too small to ob¬ 
tain him an education,—he entered Dartmouth college. 
He struggled along through his collegiate course, partly 
paying his -way and incurring a debt for the deficiency, 
to be paid in after life. Devoting himself to study with 
earnest application, he graduated with the highest honors 
of a class, numbering among its members, Rev. Francis 
Brown, D. D., afterwards President of Dartmouth Col¬ 
lege, Rev. Dr. Osgood, an eminent divine of Springfield, 
Mass., Dr. Wilson, “ one of the finest scholars in New- 
Hampshire,” and Rev. Henry Colman, the distinguished 
writer upon agriculture. 
It is gratifying to. contemplate the onward and up¬ 
ward course of our poor orphan boy. Early thrown upon 
a world where good and evil are strangely commingled, 
he chose the good; the obstacles that met him in his 
progress forwards he either cast out of the way, or 
mounted over; a stern discipline habituated him to 
that persevering industry, that choice and pursuit of vir¬ 
tuous noble ends, that reliance upon personal effort, 
that decision of character, which, attending him through 
life, ensured personal success, enabled him to occupy a 
wide space of usefulness to others, gave constantly in¬ 
creasing value to the progress of that life, and dignity 
to its close. What a lesson have we here upon the sub¬ 
ject of unintermitted personal effort. 
Mr. Hayes, upon leaving college, accepted the appoint¬ 
ment of Preceptor of Moors Indian school at Hanover, 
a classical institution connected with the college. Re¬ 
linquishing this position at the end of one year, he com¬ 
menced the study of law, under the instruction of the 
Hon. E. Whitman, at New Gloucester. In a few months 
after, he entered the office of Dudley Hubbard, Esq , 
of Berwick, and after remaining there two years, went 
to Charlestown, Mass., finishing his studies there under 
the instruction of Hon. Artemas Ward, afterwards a 
chief justice of the Common Pleas. 
In 1809, Mr. Hayes was admitted to the bar, and en¬ 
tered at once into practice at South Berwick. He soon 
attained notoriety in his profession, and continued in a 
laborious and distinguished career for over forty years. 
Notwithstanding the varied and constant demands of a 
business larger than that of any other lawyer in the 
county, or perhaps in the State, he yet found time to 
engage in various public and benevolent labors. He was 
for twenty-five years President of the York County Bar . 
and was one of the founders and the constant generous 
patron of the Law Library Association connected with 
that Bar; for about the same time he was President of 
Berwick Academy, a Classical Institution, which he 
was instrumental in founding, and towards which, with 
then very limited means, he subscribed $500; for twenty 
years he was judge of Probate for York county, in which 
capacity he is said to have had no superior. He held 
the office of a Trustee of Bowdoin College for several 
years, and was one of a board of visitors and examina¬ 
tion at the Military School at West Point. He engaged 
in various other public labors with ability and usefulness, 
performed numberless acts of private benevolence, and 
was a marked character in society every way. 
As a man of business, Judge Hayes possessed rare 
qualities. His views were far reaching and comprehen¬ 
sive; he was endowed with superlative good sense, and 
with sound judgment; his legal learning was solid; he 
was untiring in industry, and systematic in arrangement 
of affairs; he had sagacity to penetrate his subject, and 
power to reduce it to its plainest principles; and by a 
remarkably simple, direct and decisive manner of rea¬ 
soning, forcibly impressed his ideas upon the minds of 
others. 
