THE CULTIVATOR 
1851 , 
399 
My main barn is 30 by 80 feet, standing upon a side- 
hill of gentle slope, end towards the hill; under the end 
where the ground is lowest, I take off twenty feet for a 
horse stable, making room for seven head of horses,- the 
next twenty feet is a root cellar; the remaining forty 
feet is a cow stable with cisterns underneath for catch¬ 
ing all the water that falls on the building. My water 
cistern occupies about twenty-four feet under this stable, 
and will bold something like two hundred hogsheads; 
the other sixteen feet is occupied by a cistern for col¬ 
lecting the urine from the stables, the floor being caulk¬ 
ed and pitched, with a trough behind the cattle to con¬ 
duct their urine to the cistern. 
My manner of building the cisterns is this. 1 dig out 
the earth, of the requisite shape and dimensions, take 
cement and coarse sand of equal parts, mixed with wa¬ 
ter, and spread evenly about half an inch in thickness 
all round the sides, and on the bottom, and cover with 
planks, with earth over them. A cistern of the capaci¬ 
ty of one hundred hogsheads can thus he built, with 
pump, complete, for less than twenty-five dollars. 
The cow stable is arranged to accommodate twenty- 
four head of cattle in two rows, with an alley way be¬ 
tween. The sides are filled in with brick. One part of 
the barn, over the horse stable, I use for hay, and the 
remainder of the space, over my thrashing floor and cow 
stable, for grain and fodder. Attached to my barn I 
have on the north a wagon house and tool shoop, 18 by 
50 feet, with room overhead for hay and grain, opening 
into the main barn. To the south of the main barn, at¬ 
tached in the same way, is a building 18 by 100 feet; 
fifty feet is occupied as a cow stable, the remainder is 
open shed, with room overhead same as north wing. To 
the south of the southern shed I have my hen house, 
12 by 18 feet, with large windows on the south side, to 
admit light and warmth. East and south of this shed 
is my barn-yard, protected from the north and west 
winds. The yard contains about three quarters of an 
acre, divided into two parts, the front one for most com¬ 
mon use; in the rear one I have four barracks for coarse 
feed, where I fodder in the middle of the day in plea¬ 
sant weather. East of my barn, some forty feet, I have 
a wagon house, 28 by 86 feet, with corn house and gra¬ 
nary overhead. About one hundred and fifty feet In the 
rear of my house, I have a shop 16 by 24 feet, story and 
a half, with sleeping rooms overhead. 
88. I have hut one kind of fence, post and hoard, or 
plank, principally chestnut posts, and inch and a quar¬ 
ter culled spruce plank, four planks high, of which I 
have sixteen hundred and eight rods, costing about 
eighty cents per rod. I have no wire fence, and have 
seen none that I admire. My fences are all in good con¬ 
dition, all having been built within the last five years. 
As an evidence of the good quality of my fence, I have 
not received a shilling’s damage to my crops for the last 
year, from either my own or neighbors’ cattle. 
89. I measure my grain, seed, and potatoes; weigh 
my beef, pork, and hay, and keep an account of all. 
40. I keep a general farm account, of all my sales, 
receipts and expenditures, and can strike a balance at 
the end of the year, and thus ascertain my profits or 
losses. 
Account of Expenses of Farm. 
407 days labor at 50 cents,.... $203 50 
Yearly and monthly labor, ...................... 665 00 
One girl one year, ...„. 52 00 
“ four months,........................... 16 00 
500 bushels of oats at 41 cents,.... 205 00 
Blacksmith’s bill.......... 97 81 
Grocery, shoe, and dry goods bill,............... 357 90 
12 bushels grass seed at $2 25, ... 39 00 
10 do clover seed at $4 50,.................. 45 00 
12 do seed wheat at $1.25,.. 15 00 
Seed corn and garden seeds, .. 10 00 
26 bushels seed buckwheat at 62£ cents,.......... 16 25 
State and school taxes, ....... 31 22 
Insurance in Mutual Ins. Co., average about, .... <t> 4 50 
Depreciation of farming tools,... 100 00 
Two tons of plaster,..... 10 00 
1,000 bushels of lime, at 4 cents,... 40 00 
Grains for cows,...... 119 17 
Hay bought in April last,.... 75 00 
Total expenses for current year,...$2,174 35 
• The above includes all farm and family expenses, with the excep¬ 
tion of doctor’s bills and church expenses, 
Account of Receipts of Farm. 
363 bunches asparagus at 11 cents, .............. $69 66 
Received from produce of 5 acres sweet corn,..., 257 33 
610 bushels rye at 69 cents,... ........ 410 90 
Melons, pumpkins, and citron melons sold, ....... 148 00 
831 bushels buckwheat at 44 cents, .... 365 44 
Raspberries sold,..... 31 25 
Potatoes, (including those unsold,)............... 100 00 
1,240 bushels of corn at 65 cents,................ 806 00 
Milk sold from an averarge of 30 cows, 9 months,. 1,629 81 
Sixty-four bushels, 35 lbs. wheat,..... 64 62 
Five loads of hay,..... 40 00 
Five loads of straw,... 5 00 
Broom brush, 4,920 lbs.,... 250 00 
Pigs sold,...... 40 00 
Surplus of straw, ... 100 00 
Surplus of corn stalks, part sold,.. 100 00 
Twelve tons of clover hay at $6,................ 72 00 
Chickens and eggs sold, ........................ 40 00 
140 lbs. butter at 18| cents,..................... 26 25 
Peaches sold,...... 10 00 
Pie plant,..... 11 25 
Twenty-five calves at $1 each,.. 25 00 
Received for pasturage,.... .......... 18 50 
Received for work done by teams and men during 
the State Fair,. . . .......... $11730 
Received for labor done for S. Van Rens¬ 
selaer, ... 114 00 
——- 231 50 
Total receipts for current year,.. $4,852 51 
Less expenses per account, ... 2,174 35 
Net profits current year,.....$2,678 16 
Mr. More has furnished us with a brief summary of 
the products of his farm for the present year. It is ne¬ 
cessarily imperfect, from the fact that the yield of only 
a portion of his crops had been ascertained, and but few 
of them marketed, when the statement was made—20th • 
of October. 
Barley, 83 acres, produced 895 bushels, weighing 48 
lbs, per bushel—sold in the aggregate, $671.25, from 
which, deduct the total expense and charges incident to 
the crop, $262.75, leaves a profit of $408.50 besides the 
straw, which is valued at half the price per ton as hay. 
Asparagus, 50 square rods—sales $71.70—charges on 
same, $20—leaving as profit, $50.70. Potatoes, 12 acres 
—from which 602 bushels have been sold, at 50 cents 
per bushel, $301—400 bushels on hand, $200—aggregate 
value $501; total cost of the crop $205—leaving as pro¬ 
fit $296. Indian corn, 14 acres—aggregate produce es¬ 
timated at 560 bushels. Buckwheat eight acres—sold 
from the same to the amount of $62.50, at 50 cents per 
bushel. Hay, from 30 acres, 50 tons. Kept on the 
farm 17 cows—sold butter to the amount of $300. Kept 
40 pigs, worth $5 each. 
Since last year, Mr. More has increased the number 
of his apple trees from 1000 to 1800, and has now set to 
apple, peach, pear, plum, and quince trees, 52 acres. 
The spaces between the small trees, are set to raspber¬ 
ries, currants, strawberries, &c. The raspberries and 
currants, except such as were used in the family while 
fresh, were made into preserves and jellies—several hun¬ 
dred pounds of which are on hand unsold. 
Farming in Pennsylvania. 
In the early part of October, we paid a visit to Penn¬ 
sylvania, for the purpose of being present at some of the 
agricultural exhibitions, and learning something of the 
agriculture of a part of that state. The first point of 
destination was Newtown, and after attending the fair of 
the Bucks County Agricultural Society, at that place, 
we took the opportunity of examining some of the farms 
in that neighborhood. 
Bucks county has long enjoyed a great celebrity as a 
