CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA. 211 
but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day, and may compel the 
attendance of absent members, in such manner, and under such penalties as 
each house may provide. 
Sec. 10. Each house shall determine the rules of its own proceedings, and 
may with the concurrence of two-thirds of all the members elected, expel a 
member. 
Sec. 11. Each house shall keep a journal of its own proceedings, and pub¬ 
lish the same; and the yeas and nays of the members of either house, on 
any question, shall, at the desire of any three members present, be entered on 
the journal. 
Sec. 12. Members of the Legislature shall, in all cases except treason, felony, 
and breach of the peace, be privileged from arrest, and they shall not be sub¬ 
ject to any civil process during the session of the Legislature, nor for fifteen 
days next before the commencement and after the termination of each 
session. 
Sec. 13. When vacancies occur in either house, the Governor, or the per¬ 
son exercising the functions of the Governor, shall issue writs of election to 
fill such vacancies. 
Sec. 14. The doors of each house shall be open, except on such occasions 
as in the opinion of the house may require secrecy. 
Sec. 15. Neither house shall, without the consent of the other, adjourn for 
more than three days, nor to any other place than that in which they may be 
sitting. 
Sec. 16. Any bill may originate in either house of the Legislature, and all 
bills passed by one house may be amended in the other. 
Sec. 17. Every bill which may have passed the Legislature, shall, before it 
becomes a law, be presented to the Governor. If he approve it, he shall sign 
it; but if not, he shall return it, with his objections, to the house in which it 
originated, which shall enter the same upon the journal, and proceed to recon¬ 
sider it. If, after such reconsideration, it again pass both houses, by yeas and 
nays, by a majority of two-thirds of the members of each house present, it 
shall become a law, notwithstanding the Governor’s objections. If any bill 
shall not be returned within ten days after it shall have been presented to 
him, (Sunday excepted,) the same shall be a law, in like manner as if he had 
signed it, unless the Legislature, by adjournment, prevent such return. 
Sec. 18. The Assembly shall have the sole power of impeachment; and all 
impeachments shall be tried by the Senate. When sitting for that purpose, 
the Senators shall be upon oath or affirmation; and no person shall be con¬ 
victed without the concurrence of two-thirds of the members present. 
Sec. 19. The Governor, Lieutenant Governor, Secretary of State, Comp¬ 
troller, Treasurer, Attorney General, Surveyor General, Justices of the Su¬ 
preme Court and Judges of the District Courts, shall be liable to impeachment 
for any misdemeanor in office; but judgment in such cases shall extend only 
to removal from office, and disqualification to hold any office of honor, trust, 
or profit, under the State; but the party convicted, or acquitted, shall never¬ 
theless be liable to indictment, trial and punishment, according to law. All 
