118 
THE AMERICAN-SC AND IN AVI AN REVIEW 
scholars of the three countries of the North. 
“It is my belief/’ said an American diploma¬ 
tist in discussing the tour, “that no factor 
in international peace counts for more than 
the understanding and sympathy enjoyed mu¬ 
tually by the peoples of two nations, and that 
no factor creating such sympathy and under¬ 
standing counts for more than the exchange of 
visits by those young men and women who 
are still in their educational period and who 
are charged with the stewardship of the 
future.” 
This is really a co-operative venture, and 
the low bill of expenses for the individual 
members of the group is made possible by the 
participation of a large number of students 
and instructors. The Director of the tour re¬ 
serves the right to return advance deposits 
and to decline applications when the number 
of enrollments has reached the limit assigned. 
In Professor Krogh’s Laboratory 
Our self-reliant Fellow in physiology. Miss 
Emily Beatrice Carrier of the University 
of California, is both subject and research 
expert in the experi¬ 
ments which she is now 
conducting under the 
direction of Professor 
August Krogh in 
Copenhagen. She is 
at both ends of her 
microscope. Two 
paragraphs quoted 
from her recent report 
to the Foundation show 
a splendid correlation 
of science and culture: 
“I am at present working on the smallest 
blood-vessels and the capillary circulation in 
man. It has been possible to study these 
physiologically in the living human subj ect 
only since 1912, when it was accidentally 
found that by placing a drop of oil on the 
skin and illuminating with a strong light the 
capillary vessels and often the arterioles and 
venules also, could be observed directly with 
the microscope under a magnification of 100 
times or more. These first two months have 
been occupied with reviewing the work that 
has been done on the subject, and in examin¬ 
ing a number of students at the Rigshospital 
in an endeavor to find suitable subjects. None 
have proved to give as clear a picture of the 
capillaries as my own fingers at the base 
of the nails however, and at present I am 
working in Professor Krogh’s laboratory ar¬ 
ranging a suitable light, and preparing for a 
series of experiments. 
“America is such a new country, throbbing 
with youthful exultation over the harnessing 
of her apparently limitless resources to the 
chariots of industry and modern mechanical 
efficiency, that to come here to a country 
where the present lives and breathes in the 
traditions, customs, and civilization built up 
by the past, is at first like entering another 
world. . . . If culture may be defined 
as the true appraisement of humanity’s capaci¬ 
ties and attainments/ this year is indeed offer¬ 
ing opportunity for culture such as no other 
experience could surpass.” 
Miss Carrier is one of the twenty Amer¬ 
ican students awarded stipends for study in 
the Scandinavian countries as Exchange Fel¬ 
lows of the Foundation for 1921-1922. 
“Progressive Sweden” 
Christina Stael von Holstein lectured very 
successfully before the Institute of Arts and 
Sciences at Columbia University, December 
19, on “Progressive Sweden,” with slides from 
the collection of the Information Bureau of 
the Foundation. Miss Stael von Holstein, as 
Swedish Exchange Fellow for 1921-22, stud¬ 
ied Economic History and Pedagogy at 
Teachers’ College, Columbia University. She 
is this year continuing her work with a small 
scholarship from the Zorn legacy. 
A Defense of American Schools 
In Dr. Martin L. Reymert, Poulson Fellow 
for 1916-17 and Honorary Fellow of the Foun¬ 
dation for 1918-19, American schools and 
universities have a warm defender against the 
criticism that occasionally appears in Nor¬ 
wegian periodicals. The revelations of unde¬ 
sirable conditions in our schools that preceded 
the agitation for the Smith-Towner Bill were 
misunderstood abroad as if these conditions 
were typical of our entire country at all times. 
Dr. Reymert calls the attention of the Nor¬ 
wegian public to the fact that even though 
“one-fourth of the population could not read 
English or write a respectable letter,” this 
element was composed chiefly of negroes and 
immigrants. The latter, of whom we had re¬ 
ceived 15,000,000 in the last twenty years, 
were very often not illiterates in their own 
language, or if they were, it must be laid to 
the door of old Europe, not of America. He 
points out also that the shortage of teachers 
