124 ON THE CHEMICAL EFFECTS OF CHLORAL HYDRATE, ETC. 
exhibited decided reaction; blue as well as red particles were 
seen. When the blood had dried on the glass slide and 
under the covering glass (which was about two hours after), 
some spaces, where coagulation had taken place, were 
filled with fluid presenting either a bluish or reddish tint. 
The urine also exhibited some dark-coloured and reddish 
particles. 
Experiments 7 and 8.—Two rats were killed, one by chlo¬ 
roform, the other by hydrate of chloral, injected subcu¬ 
taneously. This last took a grain and a half before deep 
sleep w T as induced. Blood exhibited ruby-red particles; a few 
bluish; also starchy bodies in abundance. The urine also 
showed the same. 
The chloroformed rat.—Urine with abundance of starchy 
bodies, and some blue-coloured particles ; blood from lungs— 
plasma reddish; few starchy bodies; some blue particles; 
scarcely any reddish. 
Experiment 9.—Rat injected with hydrate of chloral. Deep 
hypnotism; blood gave the same results; starchy bodies and 
red-coloured masses. Ammonia inhaled appeared to increase 
the production of the red matter. A solution of ammonia 
injected under the skin appeared to give rise to bright red 
smears, or fluidity, between the corpuscles. The blood, under 
the action of ammonia, in both forms of exhibition, seemed to 
have assumed a redder tint than usual. 
Experiment 10.—A newly born rat was placed in a solution 
of hydrate of chloral. After some hours the blood exhibited 
redness in the liquor sanguinis; also some fine red particles 
and red patches. 
Experiment 11.—Hydrate of chloral was evaporated from a 
slide on to fresh blood held over it; bright red-coloured parti¬ 
cles were formed in it. 
Experiment 12.—Blood exposed to the vapour of chlo¬ 
roform gave some evidence of red-coloured matter. It 
appeared to me, at this point of my experiments, that the 
chemical action of hydrate of chloral on the blood was 
mainly due to formyl, or formic acid, produced by its de¬ 
composition. When more ammonia was introduced into 
the experiment, a larger production of the red material 
resulted. 
Experiment 13.—Formic acid (obtained from ants) added 
to blood gave rise to the formation of dark red globules and 
particles. 
Experiment 14.—-Lactic acid added to blood yielded red par¬ 
ticles ; these appeared to increase on the addition of prussic 
acid; the fluid or plasma appeared redder. 
