404 
THE PRINCIPLES OF BOTANY. 
would seem to support this view, while the introduction of 
the hop as a crop plant seems determined by the fact that as 
the plant is dioecious, and the female plants yield the stro¬ 
biles —which are the objects of cultivation. Male plants 
anywhere are exceedingly rare. 
Though the Hop consists of a single species, yet, like all 
plants in cultivation, its recognised varieties are very 
numerous. As regards this point we quote the following 
from Morton’s f Cyclopaedia of Agriculture — 
“ There are several varieties of hop now under cultivation 
in England ; but we shall only enumerate those which are 
best known and most generally cultivated. 
“ The first in rank are the Farnham and Canterbury 
whilebines; these are so much alike, in every respect, that 
the appear to be the same variety. 
“ Secondly, the Goldings, which are little, if at all, inferior 
to the former ; they are a stronger hop, but not quite so 
finely flavoured; and, when growing, they may be distin¬ 
guished from the other two by the bine being somewhat 
larger, and the hops hanging more singly on the branches. 
The bines of these three sorts are speckled with reddish- 
brown spots. They all require the longest description of 
poles, varying, according to soil, from fourteen to twenty 
feet. The main roots of these varieties run more deeply into 
the soil than any other; and their plants are the most 
enduring upon the same land. 
“ Thirdly, the Grapes, of which there are several sub-divi¬ 
sions. These all grow in clusters like grapes, whence they 
derive the name. They differ much in quality, the smaller 
sorts being superior, some of which, when growing on good 
land, nearly approach to Goldings t in value, while the 
larger descriptions, such as are usually cultivated in Sussex 
and the Weald of Kent, are coarse and very inferior in 
quality. The bines of the grapes are small, and of a light 
green colour. They require poles from ten to fifteen feet 
long. 
“ Fourthly, the Jones’s, which will grow on lighter and 
inferior land, merely requiring refuse poles of eight or ten 
feet in length. The bine of this variety is red. The crop of 
the Jones’s would be much increased if the top bines and 
branches were trained and interlaced from pole to pole. 
“ Fifthly, the Colegates, which are a very hardy variety, 
growing best upon stiff soils; they will run up a long pole, 
and are very late in ripening. The hop is small, and hangs 
from the branches in thick masses. It produces heavy crops, 
but it is not much esteemed by the brewer, and is more liable 
