the principles of botany. 407 
though wild hops are most luxuriant both on the cretaceous 
and oolitic deposits of the county. 
Some years since, having had hopbine sent from Worces¬ 
tershire, we were astonished at the quantity of magnesia 
contained in its ashes, and we then recommended that 
sulphate of magnesia (epsom salts) should form part of 
artificial manures for hops ; and some experiments with this 
salt, mixed with super-phosphate, convinced us that hops, 
like other crops, can be manured for as our trials were made 
in the cold climate of the Cotteswolds, and on a soil so un- 
genial as the Forest Marble. 
The Uses of the Hop. —The value of the strobiles of the 
hop for which the plant is cultivated is now so fully recog¬ 
nised, especially by the drinker of our national beverage, that 
instead of beer, as formerly, being called “ malt,” it may 
almost be named “ hop liquor,” the prevailing taste running 
upon “ bitter beers.” 
As a medicinal agent much difference of opinion exists as 
to the value of Hops; by which term is here meant merely 
the fruits of the plant, of which the following is the descrip¬ 
tion by Dr. Pereira : — 
“ The aggregate fruits of the Humulus Lupulus are stro¬ 
biles or catkins (strobili seu Amenta lupuli), in commerce 
termed Hops. They consist of scales, nuts, and lupulinie 
glands or grains. The scales are the enlarged and persistent 
bracts, which enclose the nuts ; they are ovate, membranous, 
and at their base glandular. The nuts (achenia) are small, 
hard, and nearly globular, and covered with aromatic, super¬ 
ficial, globose glands. The lupulinie glands or grains (com¬ 
monly termed yelloivpoioder or lupulin ) are the most important 
part of the strobiles. By thrashing, rubbing, and sifting, 
Dr. Ives procured fourteen ounces from six pounds of hops ; 
and he therefore concluded that dry hops would yield about a 
sixth part of their weight of these grains.” 
The following is an analysis of lupulinie grains :— 
Lupulinie grains by Payen , Chevallier , and Pellatan,* 
Volatile oil ........ 2 - 00 
Bitter principle (Lupulite) . d . . . 10*30 
Resin . . ... . • • • . 52 to 55'00 
Lignin . .. 32'00 
Patty, astringent, and gummy matters, osmazone,"\ 
malic and carbonic acid, several salts (malate of ( ^ 
lime, acetate of ammonia, chloride of potassium, t 
sulphate of potash), &c. ) 
99-30 
XLY\ 
* ‘ Journ. de Pharm.,’ t. viii, p. 209. 
28 
