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THE PRINCIPLES OF BOTANY. 
Notwithstanding some difference of opinion, the narcotic 
effects of Hops seem to be well established, which need not 
surprise us, when we know that a plant of the same order— 
Hemp—is so highly narcotic. The soporific qualities of beer 
are to a great extent attributable to the hops which enter 
into its composition. 
Hop pillows are used to produce sleep; and Pereira states 
that “ the benefit said to have been obtained from it by 
George III, for whom it was prescribed by Dr: Willis, in 
1787, brought it into more general use.” 
The pharmacopoeias retain several preparations of Hops, 
as Infusum lupuli, L., Tinctura lupuli, L.,Extractum lupuli, 
L. E., Tinctura lupinse, D., but it is seldom used in these 
forms. In the shape of bitter beer it is constantly recom¬ 
mended by medical men in different states of the system, 
whilst in others nothing is so sternly interdicted as beer in 
any form. 
The Common Hemp. 
Cannabis saliva is the plant which gives the name to the 
natural order. It is sometimes cultivated by us for the sake 
of its fibre and its seeds—the former being made into cordage, 
and the latter as food for small birds. Like the hop, hemp is 
dioecious, its male plants being ripe before the female or 
seeding one, and hence it is best to he harvested separately. 
Morton gives the cost of cultivating a crop of hemp, in¬ 
cluding rent and taxes, as £18 7 s. 6c/., and the products as 
worth £19, a state of things which will he an effectual bar to 
any extended growth of this crop with us. It is, too, highly 
exhaustive, as it absolutely takes all from the soil, and leaves 
no manurial matter on the farm. 
Medicinal Uses. —There can be hut little doubt that in 
Hemp we have a powerful remedial agent. The effects of 
gunjah and bang, Indian, and hashish, Arab preparations 
from Hemp, are well known. Dr. O’Shaughnessay, who 
seems to have written exhaustively on Indian Hemp, ascribes 
to it anaesthetic, cinetic, and cataleptic properties, but Dr. 
Pereira says - 
“ On Europeans I have never heard of a cataleptic state 
being produced by this drug. In the case of tetanus under 
my care in the London Hospital, and which was carefully 
watched by Dr. O'Shaughnessey and myself, the resinous 
extract of Indian Hemp was given in increasing doses up to 
twenty grains. It caused stupor and cessation of spasms, but 
no perfect cataleptic state. The only tendency to this con¬ 
dition which was observed was when the arm of the patient 
