686 WEST OF SCOTLAND VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION. 
of small miliary or granular tubercles, as I have on one or two 
occasions found such growths on the edges of the plexus cho- 
roides. Depositions on the meningis of the brain are more often 
met with, one interesting case of which in a calf was brought to 
the college last winter by Mr. Borthwick, Y.S., of Kirkliston. The 
animal was brought in a cart on November 15th, being paralysed 
and unable to lift its head, or make any attempt to rise. Mr. 
Borthwick could glean nothing of the history of the case prior to 
the 14th November, on which day he was requested to examine 
it, when he found symptoms of cerebral disturbance, the most 
prominent being a constant tendency to turn round to the right 
side; the appetite was bad, but the animal was in fair condition. 
No treatment was had recourse to as the case was considered 
hopeless. I should add that the sturk was perfectly conscious, 
and the appearance of the eyes natural; if anything, the pupils 
were slightly dilated. It was killed, and a post-mortem made on 
the 16th, which revealed extensive tubercular growths of various 
sizes on the whole of the thoracic and abdominal serous membrane. 
On opening the cranial cavity the superior surface of the dura 
mater was perfectly healthy, but on removing the brain about two 
ounces of a dirty yellow coloured fluid was found at the base, and 
the whole of the membranes thickly bestudded with small 
granular tubercles. No inflammatory action or exudations could 
be detected, the serum no doubt being the product of effusion 
from pressure on the blood-vessels, as the result probably of con¬ 
gestion. In this way, i. e. congestion, hydrocephalus may be pro¬ 
duced in very young animals, as well as by the effusion of serum 
the result of inflammatory action set up by the presence of the 
tuberculous matter. In these cases we may also have plastic lymph 
effused and healthy organisation, side by side with the tubercular 
formations. 
Tubercle in Bones, and in joints and synovial membranes, is 
not so frequently found as in the human subject. Nevertheless, 
well-marked cases are sometimes seen, and it behoves us to be 
prepared for them, especially when we have chronic swellings of 
joints accompanied with emaciation of the nature of which we 
cannot satisfy ourselves. Personally, I have only seen one satis¬ 
factory case of tubercle in joints or bone, a report of which you 
will find in the Veterinarian, January, 1864, pp. 30 and 31. A 
good specimen in the elbow-joint of a cow is in the College 
Museum, preserved by Professor Williams. 
Tubercle may affect the external surface of bones deposited 
underneath or within the periosteum, seldom, however, finding its 
way thence into the compact structure. It may also affect the bodies 
of the vertebrae, and in the human subject this is often found to be 
the case. It may be deposited in the cancellated structure at the 
