SCOTTISH METROPOLITAN VETERINARY ASSOCIATION. 881 
Fourth stage .—Amaurotic condition of the eye (this is also 
frequently present in the third stage), from immobility of the 
iris. The orbicularis palpebrarum, becoming powerless, does not 
close the lids when the eye is irritated; and from interference with 
the fifth nerve the conjunctiva is not susceptible to the action of 
stimuli. The tears flow in an involuntary stream over the face, 
probably, as remarked by Kirke, from paralysis of the tensor 
tarsi muscle, the tears not being directed into the orifices of the 
puncta lachrymalis; the facial nerve becoming paralysed, the 
lower jaw hangs powerless, and the cheeks are puffed out with 
each expiration. There is a constant flow of saliva from the 
mouth, due to relaxation of the ducts of the salivary glands; 
finally the animal becomes asphyxiated, the sphincter vesicse 
relaxes, allowing the urine to flow involuntarily, and the patient 
dies either in a convulsion or quietly like the expiration of the 
last faint glimmer of the flame of a candle. The latter is sure 
to be the case in apoplexy proper. 
Symptoms of resolution .—Animal gives one or two deep ex¬ 
pirations, sighs, and languidly raises her eyelids, slightly elevates 
her head, and evinces a wish for water, the lacteal secretion com¬ 
mences to flow gradually, the natural tone of the pulse is re¬ 
stored, the surface and extremities become warmer, and the 
power of deglutition and voluntary motion return. 
Fatality .—The contemplation of this is the worst part of the 
whole performance, and yet glimpses of hope are afforded us that, 
ultimately, we shall be able to cope tolerably successfully with 
even this formidable malady, though at present we cannot but 
acknowledge that the percentage of deaths is far in excess of 
recoveries. Some veterinary surgeons I know are far more suc¬ 
cessful than others, but I do not attribute this so much to. their 
better knowledge of the pathology of the affection, or their better 
mode of treatment, but rather to some peculiarly favorable in¬ 
fluence in the climate and local circumstances, and to the class of 
animals treated. All must acknowledge that some breeds suc¬ 
cumb much more frequently than others. I cannot call to mind 
having saved but one Alderney cow, one very unfavorable 
thing in connection with this breed being that they are generally 
so heavily laden with internal fat. I have seen it stated that 
these animals are not subject to the disease, but this is a very 
great mistake; another remarkable fact is, that we may have 
eight or nine recoveries out of a dozen cases at one time; whereas 
in the next dozen not one single recovery can be registered. In 
one district I have seen numbers of animals treated for this affec¬ 
tion with the most marked ill success, and yet every method 
that art and science could devise had been had recourse to. In 
another district I have seen recoveries comparatively frequent, 
