
          split into genera & the Carex or Carexides have not!  Altho' that genus is as
extensive, with many different flowers, stmas, seeds & inflorescenes! as they!
I have long ago since 1815 divided it into at least 2 genera Corex 2 stigmas
Triplima 3 stigmas, which I hope you will notice; but you ought to revise &
divide the whole genus like the Cyperacea! if you will not, I will or some one else

35.  Since 1815, in my Analysis of Nature I indicated many of the genera that ought
to be revised & every year some one is; they will all be so gradualy [gradually].  What is the 
use of delay & hesitation in a matter so obvious?  It only proves that the Science
& march of mind is slow to hold ascertained truths & facts.

36.  Adanson, Muench, Neckes, Jussieu etc proposed many such reforms, but
they were resisted as are mine, yet are gradualy [gradually] brought on again & restored.
This is not indifferent, but essential, since names will only be fixed & synonyms
rendered useless when the proper unchangeable undisputed names will prevail.

37.  This applies also to Sp. & varieties: altho' Botanists may differ on the terms
I have stated that I deem all the species mere varieties of real typic Genera.
What we now call varieties are such N. species in the incipient stage.  We
might as well call them Species at once, for instance why not say Sabbatia [Sabattia] nana
instead of Sabbattia stellaris varietas nana?  I wonder instead of 4!

38.  I am not singular in that belief.  Linneus, Adanson, Neckes etc have 
all more or less alluded to it.  The last went so far as to call aour Genera
mere Species & our Species their [illegible] or breeds!

40.  Linneus & our Botanists had once 5 or 6 species [added:or var.] only of our North Amer [American]
Quercus, Salix, Fraxinus etc.  Now we have 30 to 50 species of each!
Fraxinus we have 32 adopted by Bosc, Lindlay, Lundum etc while Eaton
has only 9.  The same if true of trees is still more so of plants, and thus it is
with my prolific genera Dodecatheon, Clintonia, Tradescantia, Plantago,
Polygonum etc which I have investigated closely as you have the Cyperacea
& Carex; thus reformed & increased.

41.  Nuttal says that Polygala contains severa genera claiming the attention
of Botanists.  I have said so in 1815.  It has been said by many others.
I had made a labor on this G. long ago & published part of it, but here is the
whole result & division in Genera.  1.   Polygala stam 8 diadelpha.  2.  Heriteria L
1st Edition Sp pl. African Sp.  3. Zoroxus R. Chamebuxus Tournefort.  4.  Triclisperma
Raf. 1814.  5.  Psychanthus Raf 1814 typ [Psychanthus myrtifolia]  6.  Asemeia Raf vexillum
0 stam 8 monadepha.  [Asemeia rosea] & [Asemeia carnea] Raf (P. viridiscens pubescens anet.
7. Lepteuchia Raf Stab 6 - the verticillate species.
8. Senegaria raf Corolla glandular not cristated - type P. Senega
9.  Anthallogea Raf. Corolla 3 lobe, glandular, fimbriate Stam 7 P. Polygama
10.  Pilostachya Raf Stam 4 monad cor fimbr fl capitate.  P. lutea, sanguinea

Besides the P. corynibula which by habit must be also a peculiar G. Corymbula?
but I lack the characters of Stamen, Corolla, seeds - can you furnish it

42.  Thus you see how some genera can be improved so as to fix them:  how can
you call Polygala sp with 4, 6, 7 or 8 stamina etc & habits so dissimilar.  If 
right we must make a genus Obellifera with similar habit, 5 petals 5 stam
2 styles, 2 seeds! of all the Ombelliferous plants!!  Thus it is with the
general Euphorbia, Veronica, Rudbeckia, Delphinium, Commelina, Aristolochia
and others which I have long studied and well reformed. Prunus must be divided
into Prunus, Padus, Cerasus, Armeniaca & Orospodias, the calyx, fruit, & habit
different in each!  Examine & judge after reflection.

C.S. Rafinesque
        