108 
REVIEWS. 
there are generally involuntary twitchings of the muscles of 
the shoulder and of the flank ; the pulse is quick and weak, 
varying from ninety to one hundred; the coat is staring, and 
the general temperature of the body increased; the urine is 
dark coloured, and passed often, and, when urinating, the 
animal appears to suffer a considerable amount of pain ; the 
faeces are hard, the breathing is quickened and panting; 
there is often great loss of muscular power, caused by 
nervous depression, and varying from partial paralysis of 
either the fore or hind quarters to complete loss of power. In 
some cases there are symptoms of delivery well marked; as in 
the case of Mr. Larman’s two-year-old cow; in others, again, 
a comatose appearance is presented. 
“ In milch cows, often, the first symptom noticed is either 
impaired or arrested secretion of milk. With these symptoms 
the animal may linger for a shorter or longer period, and 
die, apparently, from exhaustion. 
‘‘ Animals may suffer from the disease without showing 
any visible symptoms, as in the case of a number of cattle in 
Chicago that were slaughtered by order of Dr. Rauch, they 
having been in contact with Texan cattle. After death the 
viscera presented a similar appearance to the viscera of cattle 
dying from the disease, but in a less degree. In this case it 
was naturally supposed that the usual symptoms would have 
been developed in a few days. 
The duration of the disease, after permanent symptoms 
are exhibited, is from two to seven days. 
^^POST-MORTEM APPEARANCES. 
^‘When the skin is removed the flesh looks pale and flabby, 
and has the appearance of the flesh of an animal bled to 
death ; the abdomen is distended, the lungs occasionally show 
a slight congestion, the heart is enlarged and soft, and pre¬ 
sents towards its apex a number of light spots, the covering 
of the heart (pericardium) is also studded .with blood extra¬ 
vasations. The first and second stomachs do not present any 
particular change; the third stomach is generally full of 
digesta, the fourth or true digestive stomach on its inner 
coat shows in some instances small ecchymosed spots, whilst 
in others it presents the appearance of an irritant poison; the 
small intestine, and especially the duodenum, has a similar 
appearance to the fourth stomach. The liver is congested, 
and the gall-bladder full of very dark coloured bile; the 
spleen is enlarged and its inner structure completely broken 
up. The congested and turgid liver, and enlarged and disin¬ 
tegrated spleen, two organs intimately connected with the 
