NORTH OF SCOTLAND VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION. 223 
a crackling gurgling kind of sound is heard, or perhaps regions are 
detected emitting no sound at all. These abnormal symptoms may at 
first be found in one lung only, and when only one is affected it is 
generally the right. When this is the case the sound in the healthy 
one is louder than natural. As the disease progresses, the con¬ 
solidation of the lung or lungs increases, and the sound in them 
diminishes ; the breathing in consequence gets more difficult, and 
the cough more distressing. A dull heavy sound is now emitted when 
the sides are struck, the pulse mounts up to 100, or even 120 a 
minute, the skin sticks to the ribs, the paunch becomes tympanitic, 
perhaps diarrhoea follows, and the poor beast, after having fought 
against the disease for one, two, and sometimes three weeks, at last 
falls a victim to it. Much more might be noticed under this head, 
but I feel that I should only be wasting your time were I to continue 
describing what the great majority of you have doubtless too often 
noticed for yourselves. I shall therefore desist, and touch for a 
minute on the pathology and post-mortem of the disease. In regard 
to the former, I would say that a specific poison would seem to be 
introduced into the system probably by inhalation. After a time 
that poison produces a specific abnormal action in all the organic 
structures of the lungs, and also of the membrane covering them 
and lining the cavity they are contained in. In consequence of 
this, inflammation is established, the parenchyma of the lungs is 
congested and lymph extravasated into their interlobular tissue and 
bronchial tubes, also upon the surfaces of both pleurae, from which 
serum is likewise effused. The lymph thrown out on the pleura 
after a time undergoes a kind of organization, and forms those 
ragged adhesions which in this disease are seen so often to connect 
the lungs and trunk. In the lungs themselves, if death do not stop 
the process, the lymph is often converted into a kind of pus, which 
occasionally at some places collects and forms abscesses, while at 
others it gets consolidated in the interstices, and so gives the lungs 
that peculiar marble-like appearance they generally present when 
cut into after death. Indeed, so great is the disorganization 
usually met with in the lungs of animals which die of this disease, that 
when we consider it in combination with the quantity of serum 
sometimes found in their chests, the extent to which their lungs are 
swollen, and the weight extravasation and congestion have pro¬ 
duced in them, one cannot help wondering how breathing could 
have been performed at all by such a ruined apparatus. 
In the treatment of pleuro-pneumonia the veterinary surgeon has 
not only to cure the sick but also to try and save the healthy. In 
seeking to accomplish the former, I have the sick always placed by 
themselves in the most suitable quarters I can find about the 
premises \ and while I remember, I may remark, that I never bleed 
a beast I believe to be labouring under this disease. My first 
object is to excite the skin, kidneys, and bowels, to increased action. 
To effect the former I order the animal to be “ packed,” that is, to have 
the body moistened with water, after which a wet sheet is to be applied 
to the same, and then the animal is to be covered with plenty of dry 
