270 URINARY CALCULI WITH DISEASED KIDNEYS, ETC, 
Campanula rannnculoides noticed by Dumas. At other times 
they are changed into stamens. De Candolle mentions a 
variety of Capsella bursa-pastoris (shepherd’s purse), in which 
there were ten stamens produced in consequence of the trans¬ 
formation of petals. The stamens in double flowers are changed 
into petals, and in Nymphoea alba (white water lily) there 
is a gradual transmit from the one to the other. Some¬ 
times the stamens are changed into carpels and bear ovules 
(young seeds). This has been seen in wall-flower, willows, 
poppy, &c. Petit Thouars noticed a plant of houseleek in 
wliich the one half of the anthers bore ovules, and the other 
half pollen; the carpels, as in the double cherry, may be seen 
in the form of folded leaves. In double flowers they are 
transformed into petals, and in other cases they are developed 
as stamens. It is said the increase of temperature and luxu¬ 
riance of growth sometimes make flowers produce stamens 
only. 
“ In plants having unisexual flowers this is more liable to 
take place, as in melon, cucumber, &c. Increased vigour 
seems to be required for the development of stamens, for 
some fir trees in their young state bear cones and produce 
small flowers only when they reach the prime of life.’’ 
URINAPY CALCULI ASSOCIATED WITH DIS¬ 
EASED KIDNEY AND BLADDER OF A HORSE. 
DEATH. 
By Mr. J. D. Peech, M.R.C.V.S., Wentworth. 
In the month of October last mv attention was directed to 
t/ 
a pit horse” eight years old, which was attacked with severe 
pain resembling intestinal spasms. He threw himself about 
with great violence; the pain only now and then abating, to 
recur again with as great violence as before. On examining 
him I found the circulation much increased, breathing ac¬ 
celerated, countenance haggard and expressive of extreme 
suffering. From my inquiries I ascertained that he had not 
urinated for some time, and that previously to this attack he 
had been noticed for several weeks to pass only a very limited 
quantity of urine which was ejected with great difficulty. 
Notwithstanding this he fed well, and went through his usual 
work wdth but little difficulty. 
On ascertaining the imperfect condition of the urinary 
