ANALYSIS OF CONTINENTAL JOURNALS. 
609 
As to the period of the manifestation of puerperal typhus, 
the majority of those who have written on it admit that it 
occurs only after purturition; nevertheless, some pretend 
having seen its manifestation before parturition had taken 
place, and to have seen it disappear after the act of partu¬ 
rition was accomplished. This assertion is, however, strongly 
contradicted by facts, and must be rejected unless further 
observation tend to demonstrate it. It has been observed 
immediately after parturition, though this had been accom¬ 
plished rapidly, and without difficulty, and the foetal mem¬ 
branes had come away without trouble. It has been ob¬ 
served from one to five days after parturition, some say in 
the first three days, and, by exception, from six to eight days. 
The first phenomena by which it manifests itself has also 
been the subject of the diversity of opinion. According to 
Rychner and Roll it shows itself by two symptoms, common 
to several • maladies (shivering and trembling). Del wart 
assures us that sometimes an hour or two before the real 
attack, there these symptoms are present, loss of appetite, 
suspension of the rumination, staggering of the fore legs, 
eyes dull, watery, and half closed, mucous membranes in¬ 
jected, dryness of the muzzle, and coldness of the surface 
of the body, with acceleration and concentration of the 
pulse. The author says that in very rare cases where he 
has been enabled to observe the commencement of the 
attack, he has noticed the refusing of food, and the absence 
of rumination, the eyes half closed, the staggering gait; but 
has never seen the injection of the mucous membrane. The 
immobility of the tail, lameness of short duration, and great 
sensibility of the lumbar region, have been ascertained by 
Garreau. The proprietors say that generally the malady 
begins with general and violent rigors, which last from a 
quarter of an hour to two hours, during which the animal is 
in a state of great anxiety, shifting the fore feet, resting 
some time on the one and some time on the other; stagger¬ 
ing sets in more and more, until after some unsuccessful 
attempts to lie down, the animal falls down like an inert 
mass. Though they are very uneasy, and evince great 
anxiety when down, they make no effort to get up; and it is 
only with great difficulty that they can be made to get on 
their knees and try to raise the posterior part, which is always 
impossible. They assume when lying a peculiar position, 
which seems to be constant, and has been observed by all 
who have written on this malady, viz. they lie extended on 
one side, generally the right, with the head bent on the 
opposite side, resting on the body. 
