688 IRISH CENTRAL VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION. 
the bronchial tubes producing chronic cough ; secondly, thickening 
of the tubes having a similar effect; and thirdly, complete blocking 
up of them, causing obliteration and collapse of the lobule of the 
lung, which they lead to, producing thick wind, all of which may 
vary in the intensity of their attack. 
idle most common is thickening and dilation, while the symptoms 
in both are almost the same. Our principal guide is the cough, but 
we must be thoroughly acquainted with its sounds before we can 
give a decided or direct opinion as to the exact amount of disease 
it indicates or the part affected. 
In thickening of the bronchial tubes the breathing is much 
shorter, and on giving exercise, say a quick gallop, dyspnoea sets in. 
On auscultation, at the entrance of the trachea into the chest there 
is a peculiar rushing sound, while over the surface of the lungs I 
have generally detected a wheezing sound, in all probability due to 
the air rushing through the confined air tubes. 1 have met some 
cases where this was not present, which I can only account for in 
the diseased bronchii being deep seated in the lung, and in all pro¬ 
bability beyond the detection of the ear. The cough is peculiarly 
short, but not dry, and more frequent than in the other forms, and 
produced by exertion, as shown when the horse starts at first. 
In dilation of the bronchi the cough is quite different, and to my 
ear sounds more like that of a roarer; it is a full spasmodic cough, 
without that clear resonance we hear after the natural one; it 
bursts out, but stops suddenly, and varies most unusually in its 
attacks. Sometimes a horse suffering will not cough for a whole 
journey, or even a day, and on the following one will have it almost 
continuous. Such a result, I think, depends on the nervous in¬ 
fluence, the atmosphere, and the state of the stomach. The latter 
I consider is almost the principal one. I have found feeding, for 
instance, with oats before starting on a journey to have the most 
injurious effects in producing the cough, which is no doubt due to a 
certain extent to the mechanical inconvenience it causes by im¬ 
peding the perfect action of the diaphragm. Exercise does not 
produce so much difficulty of breathing, but we always have a 
deepened expiration shown by a draw at the flanks. 
While speaking of this form of bronchitis, there is one cause 
which may often produce dilation, and which is occasionally met 
with. I allude to horses which have been exposed to the effects of 
Are and smoke, as in a burning stable. I may illustrate it by giving 
a case of the kind wdiich I have at present under my care. 
A stable caught fire belonging to a gentleman near Kilkenny, in 
which was a rather valuable hunter, and it was some time before he 
was rescued from the burning edifice, and then almost in a suffo¬ 
cated state, which to a great extent disappeared till the following 
day, when he was found suffering from a severe attack of acute 
bronchitis. 
With blistering his sides, trachea, and the usual treatment, the 
horse recovered gradually, and his breathing became normal, but the 
cough continued, and was most severe on leaving the stable, and 
