IRISH CEMTlliL VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION. 697 
all the symptoms of indigestion, are seldom absent, while the animal 
has a most depraved appetite, breaking wind per ano, and passing 
fseces frequently. In fact, prominent in every case of broken wind 
is derangement of the digestive organs, and I have noticed in some 
cases regurgitation of blood in the jugular vein, showing that even 
the heart participates in the general derangements. 
Regarding the treatment of broken wind, I will simply allude to 
the means by which we can palliate or relieve it, so as, if possible, 
to render a horse suffering from the disease useful; as for curative 
means, we have none. 
Our first object and most important one is to induce that state of 
health we term “condition,” to get the system into the most perfect 
working order, which can alone be done by proper, careful feeding, 
giving such food as will occupy the smallest bulk, and at the same 
time be as nutritious as possible, making a horse almost live on 
oats, which should be given in small quantities and often, with as 
little hay as possible, or even none, and never allowing the horse to 
gorge himself with water. Beans are very useful, and all food should 
be of the best quality; and regular exercise is most essential. 
The medicinal treatment consists in giving agents which will in 
the first place act on the stomach and bowels, either in increasing 
or perfecting their action, or counteracting their defects, and in the 
second place have a sedative effect on the system, especially the 
nervous portion of it. 
Under the first we have laxatives which halve a most beneficial 
effect; small doses of aloes, and particularly oils, act well. I have 
found the constant administration of linseed oil palliates materially 
the disease, and it is well known that a large dose fora short time 
will dispel almost all the symptoms, except the cough. In the earlier 
stages I apply counter-irritation to the sides (to be kept up), with 
a purgative, followed by small doses of linseed oil. Professor Dick’s 
celebrated ball of calomel, opium, digitalis, and camphor, to which 
I add a little aloes, allays the cough, especially if irritable, but its 
effects are only temporary. The moss, which I have before recom¬ 
mended, has a most marked effect, and under its constant use as a 
drink the cough almost disappears, the breathing more normal, and 
the general health improved; in every case I recommend it, and 
with the most satisfactory results. Oaten straw has a peculiar effect, 
the symptoms almost disappearing when the animal is fed on it, 
particularly if it is clean and good. I have had it cut and mixed 
with oats, and I would strongly recommend its use in preference to 
hay for broken-winded horses ; this, I think, can only be accounted 
for in consequence of it being easily digested. Amongst the other 
remedies is tar water, lime water, &c., which I have tried. In cases 
where indigestion is well marked the lime is very useful. 
Chronic pneumonia is not a frequent disease in the horse, but 
occurs occasionally as a sequel of the acute form of it, although it 
may have its own origin, run its course, and terminate in its own 
peculiar mode. I may illustrate it by alluding to a distinct case 
which came under my own observation for treatment in an aged 
black carriage horse, which showed the following symptoms: 
