ECZEMA EPIZOOTICA. 
885 
periods when aphthous fever prevailed with extreme intensity, 
not only in his neighbourhood, but in the whole department 
of the Haut-Rhin and the adjaeent departments, as well as 
in Switzerland and Germany. As the description of this 
complication (published in the Lyons Journal de Medecine 
Veterinaire for 1865) appeared very interesting to me, and 
as it may have some bearing on the cases mentioned by Mr. 
Cleveland, I have taken the liberty of quoting from M. 
Zundeks communication, in the interest of those who may be 
disposed to learn more of a complication that has, perhaps, 
not been very common in this country, and who may not 
have had access to the journal in which the description 
appeared. 
It is to be remembered that, since the invasion of 1832 (for 
this malady had been known on the Continent for at least a 
century before it was imported to us), Alsace may be said 
never to have been quite free from aphthous fever, and at 
various times suffered from a recrudescence; yet the epizooty 
of 1863 and 1861, the years in which this special complica¬ 
tion was observed, it appeared in a more severe form than 
it had done since its first irruption. 
Though some other observers (who will be alluded to here¬ 
after) had noticed this novel feature of the disease, none had 
described it so carefully as was desirable, and this induced 
M. Zundel to devote much attention to its nature and pro¬ 
gress, with a view to making some clear and definite comments 
upon it. 
The designation of catarrhal he gave to it because, on 
the one hand, it had some analogy to the catarrhal complica¬ 
tion accompanying the contagious head disease or gangrenous 
coryza of cattle, and, on the other, in consequence of its 
being characterized by a severe catarrh of the digestive, and 
sometimes even of the respiratory, organs. He was inclined 
to term it internal aphthous fever,'’"’ because it essentially 
consisted of an eruption of aphthae on the mucous membranes. 
The presence of aphthae on the gastro-intestinal mucous 
membrane was first observed, in October, 1862, in a calf that 
had died from the disease. In November the maladv broke 
«/ 
out oh a large farm, and here the complication was witnessed 
in nearly adult animals. Three of these perished with the 
novel symptoms, and were carefully examined, as well as 
several calves; afterwards many cases of this kind afforded 
opportunities for cadaveric inspection by M. Zundel and 
other veterinarians in his neighbourhood. 
As causes, besides those unknown or traceable to contagion, 
M. Zundel ascribed this complication to the influence of 
