LIVERPOOL VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION. 143 
Carl. The bowels, he thought, acted better by the administration 
of this medicine than by any other he had tried. He attended to 
the animal generally, as referred to by the other speakers, only 
he applied ice or cold cloths to the pole. He had also experienced 
the same trouble of getting them up after the acute stage was 
passed, as Mr. Barnes had referred to. As a preventative he 
kept them short of food, and gave them Ammon. Carb., both 
before and after calving. 
Mr. Woods said that from his own observations and experience 
of this disease he was inclined to think that there were some local 
causes, such as climate, &c., which had considerable influence in 
producing this disease, as there were some districts in which it 
was very prevalent, and others quite contiguous where it was 
scarcely seen. He had for a number of years devoted his attention 
principally to its prevention, and, he believed, with good results. 
He recommended Ammon. Carb. to be given both before and 
immediately after parturition. 
Mr. Welshy concurred in general with the views of the essayist, 
but he could hardly reconcile the practice of administering 
ammonia previous to parturition as a preventive recommended 
by the previous speakers with the opinion that the disease never 
follows difficult cases of parturition. He preferred keeping them 
on low diet, moderate exercise, and the administration of mild 
aperients. If the cow has a morbid appetite, bed her with saw¬ 
dust, or put a muzzle on. 
Mr. Morgan said he had not seen very much of this disease, 
but he agreed generally with the view taken by the essayist, and 
considered that improved breeding, and artificial rearing were 
the principal causes of this disease, as among animals in the wild 
state it did not occur. They were much indebted to Mr. Gerrard 
for his excellent paper, and hoped that he would accede to the 
request of the members and allow it to be printed. 
Mr. Dacre , like the other members, expressed the pleasure 
with which he had listened to Mr. Gerrard’s paper. He then 
criticised Mr. Moore's treatment, and said that he had come to 
the conclusion from his own experience that the less medicine you 
administer in this disease the better. He then related a very 
aggravated case in which he administered no medicine, attended 
carefully to the animal, turned her over, relieved the tympany 
by hot cloths, &c.; the animal recovered very satisfactorily. 
Mr. Reynolds spoke in terms of appreciation of the paper, and 
agreed in the main with the opinions propounded in it. He 
would like to have the essayist's opinion as to whether allowing 
the calf to suck was beneficial or otherwise, as its presence in 
some and its absence in others caused great excitement in 
the cow. 
