242 SYNOPSIS OF CONTINENTAL VETERINARY JOURNALS. 
which result from rivalry between teacher and pupil. In a 
heated and applauded speech he laid down the respective 
parts of those who are charged with the duty of instruction, 
and of those who, having received lessons from these masters, 
ought to practise the profession. The former should remain 
men of science and should devote themselves wholly to its 
culture, the second having for their aim the application of 
the established principles in the exercise of practice. 
M. Griolet , of Toulouse, also was of this opinion, and his 
observations on professors who practice privately testify to 
the small sympathy which exists between them and him, 
which has resulted from conflicting interests. Moderation 
was not always shown in consideration of the proceedings 
of professors practising privately, and the expressions made 
use of in this respect have frequently failed in propriety and 
justice, being expressed in the heat of argument. Without 
doubt it would be better in the interests of their course of 
instruction and of the high consideration in which they 
should remain (<entoures ), that they should abstain from the 
general round of practice and should act simply as consult¬ 
ants, whether for their confreres or for the administration of 
justice as experts and arbitrators. Though it would be 
better for them and for the school to which thev are attached 
t/ 
that it should be so, we by no means imply that they act 
more unsatisfactorily than professors in the medical and 
surgical faculties, who practise privately on a very large scale 
without any one attaching blame to them for it. Also, 
besides, a veterinary professor may be compelled, in order to 
support the too large expenses of a family, to seek a private 
practice as a supplement to the insufficient resources from his 
appointment. 
The Congress voted that “ the appointments of veterinary 
professors should be increased in value, that the holders of 
them may be enabled to abstain from private and carry on 
only consulting practice.” 
With regard to the course of instruction, some desiderata 
have been formulated. 
M. Emile Thierry regretted that students are no longer 
practised in the performance of operations on living animals, 
and demanded a return to this method of instruction, without 
which, he thought, true practical veterinarians cannot be 
turned out. 
M. Boidey found it necessary to give to the Congress ex¬ 
planations on the new measures which the administration 
had deemed necessary to adopt with regard to surgical opera¬ 
tions as a teaching means, “ Not many years ago as many 
