SYNOPSIS OF CONTINENTAL VETERINARY JOURNALS. 4l3 
for instance, near the liver, consequently close to the ali¬ 
mentary canal. If I have well interpreted the symptoms 
and the lesions which I have proved in certain cases of colic 
in the horse, I can say that the septic vibrio also is ingested 
with alimentary matters. When a horse is affected with an 
unrelieved strangulated hernia the primary symptoms are 
violent, then some ease ensues. No signs of general fever 
are present; death occurs after about forty-eight hours of 
suffering, and if the autopsy is made promptly and favour¬ 
ably only a localised gangrene of the herniated portion is 
found. In a case of volvulus of the small intestine, a 
disease which is accompanied by considerable intestinal 
congestion, death occurs sooner—in about thirty-six hours. 
The symptoms are those of strangulated intestine; there is 
no general fever, and the gangrenous lesions are not more 
extensive. If, however, the blood-extravasation occur in a 
part of the intestine filled with alimentary matters, which is 
especially in the case of strangulation of the large colon at 
its diaphragmatic flexure, the phenomena are markedly 
different. Shortly after the commencement of the colic 
pains symptoms of putrid infection may be noted, as 
muscular twitchings, special conditions of the heart’s beat 
and the pulse, general sweats, dilated nostrils, also the 
agitation which is generally noteable in cases of colic, is 
scarcely perceptible; also the general febrile state is very 
pronounced. Examination per anum shows the large intes¬ 
tine in a hard mass, which at each effort is driven against 
the pelvis; puncture of the right flank by giving exit to foetid 
gas with the odour of gangrene produces only temporary 
alleviation. It may be performed many times with uniform 
effects. Puncture of the large intestine per vaginam was 
tried in a mare. On withdrawal of the trochar it was found 
covered with a bloody black layer with a gangrenous odour; 
from a therapeutic point of view these punctures prove 
useless, though from some attempts, I believe, they prolong 
existence, but they are important for diagnosis. Finally we 
note a highly important difference; death occurs as early as 
four or five hours after commencement of the colic. At the 
autopsy made under most satisfactory conditions we find the 
lesions which Renault so well describes in his work on 
Traumatic Gangrene, lesions marked in the posterior part of 
the body as the cause of the septicaemia is more or less pos¬ 
teriorly placed. I believe it, is no longer necessary to insist 
on these lesions, thickening to a remarkable extent resulting 
from the congestion of the tissues of the intestine; a par¬ 
ticular odour of the body; colouration of the muscles; the 
