ANTHRAX IN THE PIG. 
599 
whose opportunities of observation in these respects are ex¬ 
ceptional, describes “ pig typhoid ” as a disease distinct from 
anthrax, but considers that although ulcers of the intestine 
are common in his experience of the disease in pigs, the term 
“ pig typhoid ” is not appropriate, for in some instances where 
the external appearances have been marked, there has been 
no ulceration of the gut at all, and we know that this last- 
named lesion is (correctly, or the reverse) usually regarded as 
the sine quu non of the disease called enteric or typhoid fever. 
My own conclusions, already given, are based on observa¬ 
tions made during the past five years, and almost exclusively 
refer to pigs brought from Ireland. The transportation of 
stock from America to the English markets, and to that of 
Newcastle among others, has brought with it a new experi¬ 
ence to myself as regards anthrax in the pig, of which I have 
recently shown to the Society specimens from two animals, 
along with a specimen (probably Irish) of “ red soldier,” such 
as I have hitherto been accustomed to. The lesions of the 
disease in the pigs of the one country contrast with those 
of the other. 
One of the American pigs (both of which came under notice 
on October 22) w 7 as spotted all over with an eruption of 
livid—almost black—hard prominent papules, of different 
sizes, from that of a barleycorn to that of a shilling, and in 
some parts spots of medium size were disposed at the rate 
of about one to every square inch. Between the hock and 
flank of one side were three soft swellings containing a 
w r atery, turbid, yellow 7 serum, with some loose shreds of tissue. 
A fourth swelling on the belly, of the size of half a hem’s 
egg, contained black blood effused into the areolar tissue 
and clotted in the middle of the tumour. The contents of 
each tumour w 7 ere w 7 ithin a sort of cyst. There was no 
“ red soldier ” whatever. 
The second American pig resembled the first in having 
spots on shoulders and sides—though not so many as in 
the preceding instance—and one tumour which was in the 
parotid region. It differed from the other in having patches 
of “ red soldier ” on belly, neck, and shoulders ; in the latter 
region the hard, raised, livid spots were apparent on the 
reddened surface. In neither of the pigs was the blood 
“ tarry,” nor were the cut surfaces on decapitation ab¬ 
normal. 
A third American pig (noted on October 14) had deep “ red 
soldier ” on the back, and also dark red and livid spots on 
the sides, the latter being very numerous, and varying 
from mere points to patches of the size of a threepenny- 
