LAMBS AND CALVES. 
737 
nothing equal to it. Then turpentine and other remedies 
are sometimes recommended with good effect. When tur¬ 
pentine is given it should be given in oatmeal gruel, as it 
mixes well with it, and is not so liable to choke the lamb. 
Lambs generally, when diseased, become so debilitated as to 
require medicine containing tonics. Just one word before I 
finish the subject. When the lambs are put on turnips, do 
not pen on too small a piece, but let them run on, say half the 
field at first, until they have well taken to the turnips, even 
if a little waste occurs. Do not use too much linseed cake 
or other strong food at first. A few old peas, or some Indian 
corn, is much better than all cake. Some good clover, hay, 
or malt combs are more suitable until the new year comes 
in. Lambs, like all young animals, cannot bear too much 
forcing food. I have seen two lots of hogs in the same 
field, one not having a great quantity of cake, the other only 
malt combs and clover. The lot having cake became lame 
in the legs and feet to that extent that in the spring they 
were only wrecks of sheep. The other lot, having no 
cake, were at least 10s. per head more valuable in the 
spring. 
On the Cotswold hills sainfoin hay is used to a great 
extent, without much linseed cake. I never knew the value 
of fodder for sheep until I went up there in the autumn of 
1854. So much importance is attached to fodder there that 
farmers put a stack in the corner of the turnip field, to be 
ready for the winter. There sheep must have fodder if the 
beasts go without. Here the horses and beasts get the 
fodder; the sheep go without. Money cannot be spent more 
judiciously than by allowing hogs fodder when on turnips, 
especially in the autumn. I like sheep to be driven up 
several times in the day when on turnips, and the last thing 
at night before the shepherd goes to bed. They are apt to 
lie too long, and often die in consequence, no doubt owing 
to the great quantity of water contained in the turnips causing 
an excess of urine. Some seasons, do what you will and 
take what precautions you may, all will not go on well; 
much, however, may be done in the way of prevention. 
Hoose and Blackleg in Calves. 
Hoose may be cured if taken in time. For blackleg no 
cure has yet been found. Both diseases may be prevented, 
that I am certain of. In the year 1850 I entered the farm I 
now occupy. Some of you will remember that it was then 
a rabbit warren. I had a bad lot of buildings, and was badly 
