SYNOPSIS OF CONTINENTAL VETERINARY JOURNALS. 779 
de Chevalier by a gazette of 12th July last. Each of these 
veterinarians has merited well of his country by upwards of 
27 years service, while M. Voyer has served through eleven 
campaigns. While the above-mentioned distinctions are 
rewards for services rendered we also are able to note signs 
of intellectual activity, which are afforded by members of 
our profession, who, though not yet leaders in their country 
are drawing well to the front. MM. Arloing and Toussaint, 
who during the course of 1878-79 have passed all the exam¬ 
inations necessary for the degree of Doctor of Medicine at 
Toulouse, have completed the series of tests by sustaining 
each a thesis. Thus, on 80th June, was read M. Arloing’s 
paper on “ Comparative experimental researches on the action 
of Chloral, Chloroform, and Ether, with practical applica¬ 
tions.” On the 15th of the same month, M. Toussaint’s 
“Experimental researches on the Charbon Disease (An¬ 
thrax).” We hope to give a resume of M. Arloing's paper. 
Among other signs of the times we see that two new pro¬ 
fessional journals have appeared in France. M. Quivogne 
has originated the Echo des Societes et Associations Vete- 
rinaires, in the endeavour to rescue from complete oblivion 
or the semi-oblivion of the minute-book the sayings and 
doings of the various associations. It will be remembered 
how, at the Congres, M. Quivogne obtained an unanimous 
vote in the question of the best means of organization of 
veterinary societies. We wish him and his journal every 
success and cannot but think that if some guiding hand 
would unite the associations of veterinarians in this country 
it might be shown that “ union is strength .” In placing 
before our readers the deliberations at the Congres Yeterin- 
aire Fran^ais sometime ago we ventured to hint that such a 
meeting of the members of the profession in Great Britain 
would prove instructive and would tend to promote profes¬ 
sional good feeling and influence with the State and public. 
Italy is about to follow the example of her neighbours, so in 
the Annates Veterinaire we find the following notice of the 
Congres Veterinaire Italien. “ A committee, composed of 
the professors of the different schools of veterinary medicine 
in Italy, as well as of veterinary practitioners from all parts 
of that country, has just issued invitations to a Congress 
which will take place at Bologna on the 7th to 10th Sep¬ 
tember (inclusive). His Excellency the Minister of Public 
Instruction, appreciating the importance of the questions 
which will be there discussed, has decided to be represented 
at the meetings by a special commissioner. Count Ercolani, 
Professor at Bologna. The Minister of Agriculture, Industry, 
