852 VISITS TO REMOUNT DEPOT AT SAHARUNPORE. 
plied to all India, one of the produce, called e( Pretender/’ being 
so eminent as to beat all English horses on the Indian turf, and 
realise from three to four thousand pounds, a great contrast to 
the relative powers of Indian and English horses in the present 
day, the latter having now to concede as much as two stone or 
more to the former, but then, first-rate English horses were 
attainable at more reasonable prices than now; it would clearly 
be rather too great a venture to send a Blair Athol, Gladiateur, 
&c., to India for army stud purposes. Owing to these efforts, 
there was a general improvement in quality and size of horses, and 
Government selected those considered the best, keeping them 
with a view to still further improvement, the remainder of the 
produce being sold and in degree disseminating desirable qualities 
throughout the country. 
About the time of the establishment of the Hissar stud, a 
breeding establishment was started at Padnell in Yorkshire, from 
which the Indian stud was supplied mainly with stallions. 
The following enumeration of some of the stock used at this 
period, and up to 1826, will give an idea of the material employed 
in the Indian studs :— 
Adonis by Teddy the Grinder, out of Precipitate’s dam; Bone 
Ash by Trumpeter, out of Jilt by Buzzard; Capsicum by Pot- 
8-o’s, out of Sting by Herod; Benedict by Remembrancer, out 
of Beatrice by Sir Peter; (Elasco by Clavileno, out of a Pioneer 
mare; Tristram Shandy by Woful, out of a Sir Peter mare. 
The Hissar stud lasted until 1839, when it was broken up in 
consequence of the stock being considered to have too much 
blood. Moorcroft’s guiding hand was surely wanted here, but 
he had long since perished in Cashmere, and it is to be feared 
that less educated supervision had succeeded ; for, if it were true 
that too little bone was apparent in the produce, why sacrifice this 
acknowledged key-stone of breeding so successfully established ? 
Crosses securing the desired substance were surely attainable. 
About this time Padnell was also given up, and Willesden 
Paddocks established. Poosah breeding establishment succeeded, 
which was subsequently transferred to the depots of Buxar and 
Karruntadhee, places on the banks of the Ganges, below Benares; 
at one time these had as many as 6000 mares served by Govern¬ 
ment stallions, and the depots continued in spite of the inquiry 
of three commissions, until 1876, when all breeding studs were 
abolished. Studs at Saharunpore and Hapur were started in 
1844, in consequence of the climate of the North-West Pro¬ 
vinces being considered more favorable, and were conducted 
partly under the Assamee system, by which mares were left in the 
hands of zemindars, or owners of land. The “ Home Stud,” so 
called after the defunct Willesden, was established at Kirnaul, in 
