ON PLANTS IN RELATION TO ANIMALS. 865 
who say it does not at present promise success. It is evident 
that a larger staff must be essential to its well-being, and that, of 
course, would involve a pecuniary outlay; but if horses could 
again be produced in the country of sufficient size and quality, 
we should be independent of the foreign supply now depreciating 
the value of what little native produce remains, and is being 
slowly stimulated by the “ horse-breeding operations,” so that 
abundant return would result in the restoration of this particular 
species of Imperial wealth, strength, and independence. 
ON PLANTS IN RELATION TO ANIMALS. 
By Professor James Buckman, F.G.S., F.L.S., &c. 
(Continued from p. 7 90.) 
The Sub-order— PAPAVERACEiE 
Contains a long list of plants, not only of striking appearance, 
but many of them are of the highest importance as remedial 
agents. 
Our gardens are ornamented with cultivated forms, which 
contribute greatly to the ornamentation of the shrubbery and 
the borders, whilst our fields teem with an abundance of speci¬ 
mens, if not of species, of flaunting poppies. 
The sub-order is described by Professor Balfour as follows : 
“ PAPAVERACEiE (Poppyworts). 
“ A natural order of thalamifloral dicotyledons, belonging to 
Lindley's ranal alliance of hypogynous Exogens. They consist 
of herbs or shrubs, usually with milky or coloured juice, having 
alternate existipulate leaves and long one-flowered peduncles; 
sepals two, deciduous; petals hypogynous, usually four, cruciate, 
sometimes a multiple of four, regular; stamens hypogynous, 
usually indefinite; ovary solitary, the style short or none; 
stigmas two, or many and radiating; ovules one-celled, 
anatropal. 
“ Eruit either siliquiform with two, or capsular with several, 
parietal placentas ; seeds numerous. 
“ The species are chiefly European, but are found scattered 
over tropical America, Asia, China, New Holland, Cape of Good 
Hope, &c. The order possesses well-marked narcotic proper¬ 
ties. Opium is the concrete milky juice procured from the un¬ 
ripe capsules of Papaver somnifemm and its varieties. There 
