MILDEWS, RUSTS AND SMUTS 
51 
Ascigeroiis form. Asciis mouthless, globose, black ; asci 
8-sporecl ; spore lenticular, or lentil-shaped, colourless, 
12x5 U 
Syn. Endoconidial ion\\=Milowia nivea. Mass, 
Chlamydospore ioi'm=Tonilt\ basicola, Berk, and 
Brown. 
The endoconidial form, so called because the conidia are 
produced inside an upright hypha, much the same in ap¬ 
pearance as spores in an ascus, appears as a delicate white 
mould at the collar of various weeds and cultivated plants. 
The colourless mycelium of this phase of the fungus gradu¬ 
ally becomes darker in colour, and gives origin in turn to 
the black chlamydospores, which give to the root and lower 
portion of the stem of the host-plant a blackish or scorched 
appearance, which results in its death. Finally the as- 
cigerous stage is produced on the dead remains of the host- 
plant. 
CAPNODIUM, Mont. 
Mycelium black, superficial, running over leaves and 
branches ; perithecia somewhat fleshy or carbonaceous, 
simple or branched, vertically elongated, sessile or nar¬ 
rowed into a stem-like base, dehiscing through the torn tip 
of the perithecium ; asci ovate-oblong, 8-spored ; spores 
elliptic-oblong, typically 3—4-septate, with often i—2 
vertical septa in addition, coloured. 
An imperfectly known genus; the species are often 
sterile, or with very variable and apparently morbid 
fruiting bodies. 
Capnodium salicinum, Mont. Forming black, more or 
less velvety patches on living leaves and stems ; perithecia 
club-shaped or horn-shaped, sometimes branched or forked 
near the tip, which becomes torn into shreds ; asci obovate 
or broadly club-shaped, stalk very short; spores oblong, 
with 3 transverse septa, constricted at the septa, becoming 
muriform, brown, 16—23 X 7—9 p, paraphyses branched. 
Syn. Fumago vagans, Pers. (the conidial form of the pre¬ 
sent species). 
The mycelium over-running the leaves is often toruloid 
in appearance, that is, it consists of more or less subglobose 
cells much constricted at the septa, and more or less resem¬ 
bling a string of beads, dark brown by transmitted light. 
On living leaves of Salix capreae, S. aurita, S. cinereo^, 
S. vitellina, S. viminalis, Populus nigra. 
Europe generall}^ 
