126 
MILDEWS, RUSTS AND SMUTS 
edge white, revolute, irregularly torn ; spores subglobose, 
very minutely warted, orange, i6—28 x 12—20 p. 
Uredospores. Sori minute, soon naked, powdery, cinna¬ 
mon or chestnut colour, scattered or in clusters on the 
under surface of the leaf ; spores subglobose or elliptical, 
echinulate, brownish, 25—30 x 20—25 p. 
Teleutospores. Sori minute, circular, powdery, dusky 
brown, solitary or in clusters on yellowish spots on the 
under surface of the leaves ; spores elliptical or elliptic- 
oblong, ends rounded, base sometimes slightly narrowed, 
tip thickened and paler, scarcely constricted at the septum, 
very delicately punctate, chestnut-brown, 25—^45 X 18— 
25 p, pedicel colourless, rather long, deciduous. 
Syn. Aecidium violae, Schum. 
Uredo violarum, Lev. 
Granularia violae, Sow. 
Puccinia violarum, Link. 
On various wild and cultivated species of Viola. Britain, 
Europe, Siberia, Asia Minor, India, N. and S. America, 
Japan. 
Puccinia depauperans, Sydow. 
Aecidia. Produced on every green part of the plant, 
most abundant on the stem, and more or less irregularly 
scattered over the surface of the leaves, cup-shaped, edge 
revolute, white, torn ; spores subglobose or elliptical, 
smooth, orange, 18—24 x 15^—20 p. 
Uredospores. Sori on both surfaces of the leaves, and 
on the stem, irregularly scattered or in clusters, spots 
none, for a long time covered by the lead-coloured epidermis, 
then powdery and cinnamon ; spores subglobose or ellipti¬ 
cal, minutely echinulate, brownish, 20—30 p diam. 
Teleutospores. Sori similar to those of the uredospores, 
dusky brown ; spores elliptical or ovate, often irregular 
in form, tip rounded or slightly narrowed, slightly thickened, 
or with a minute, almost colourless wart, scarcely constricted 
at the septum,, base generally rounded, smooth, brown, 
22—34 X 16—^22 p, pedicel colourless, short, 
Syn. Aecidium depauperans, Vize. 
Puccinia aegra. Grove. 
On the leaves and stem of Viola tricolor, Viola cornuta, V. 
lutea, and on cultivated species of Viola. 
Britain, Germany, and Denmark. 
The aecidia are most abundant on the stem and on the 
veins of the leaves, and are often present at midsummer. 
