36 
CATTLE DISEASE IN CHINA. 
investigate such matters, but I nevertheless felt sufficiently 
interested in them to prosecute the inquiry commenced by 
Dr. Thin, so far as time and opportunity permitted. On the 
4th of December, 1868, I published the result of my investi¬ 
gations. I had altogether under observation three animals 
suffering from the disease, two bulls of the common breed of 
small native cattle, and a buffalo. Of these three cases 
two obviously resulted from contagion. The symptoms 
presented by all three were similar; I quote from my pub¬ 
lished narrative: 
“ 1st. An appearance of great lassitude and increasing 
weakness, evidenced by listless movements, low carriage of 
the head, and depression of the ears. 2nd. A staring con¬ 
dition of the coat. 3rd. Refusal to take food, and chewing 
of the cud discontinued. 4th. An accelerated pulse. 5th. 
Diarrhoea. 6th. As the disease progressed an uneasy rest¬ 
lessness indicative of pain, probably abdominal, and laboured 
breathing/” 
Post-mortem examinations were made in each case as soon 
as possible after death; I give the particulars as they were 
recorded at the time: 
e< The first stomach in all cases was found distended with 
the food last taken, the process of digestion having been, 
I suppose, arrested by the onset of the malady. The spleen 
was somewhat softened in all cases. The gall-bladder was 
distended in the first two cases with a brownish-yellow fluid 
differing widely from the clear green liquid which ordinarily 
occupies that viscus; in the third case it contained, but was 
not distended by, similarly altered bile. The condition of the 
intestines in the three cases deserves a separate description. 
In the first the rectum and lower part of the descending 
colon had scattered here and there over their internal surface 
a number of raised points of a dark blue colour about the 
size of a large pin's head; there was little or no congestion, 
but the summits of one or two of these points were ulcerated. 
In the second precisely similar blue points were present 
in much greater numbers, again occupying the rectum 
and descending colon, while the entire extent of the lining 
membrane of the large bow T el was intensely congested, more 
markedly so in the regions of the caecum and lower part 
of rectum. Many of the blue points were the seat of minute 
ulcerations. In the third, a large water buffalo, the blue 
points were absent, but intense congestion of the mucous 
membrane extended up to and included the last stomach, 
while in some places sloughing had occurred. The brains 
and spinal cords were not examined. The other organs 
