CATTLE DISEASE IN CHINA. 37 
not named were found to have a natural and healthy ap¬ 
pearance.” 
The last statement made in this record requires correction; 
not suspecting the existence of Steppe murrain in Shanghai, 
I omitted in these post-mortems to examine the mucous surface 
of the nostrils and windpipe. 
Before the beginning of 1869 the disease seemed to have 
entirely disappeared from Shanghai and its neighbourhood; 
and although I am now informed that it has been of yearly 
occurrence since, the first fresh cases which I myself saw 
were brought under my notice in March of the present year. 
My informants, who assert the regularity of its return, are not 
able to confirm their statements by records of examinations 
after death, but I am assured by them that a form of disease 
presenting precisely similar symptoms to those which I have 
now daily opportunity of observing, occurs annually in 
Shanghai, extends variably, and has proved in past years 
as now almost certainly fatal to all the animals which it has 
attacked. 
On the 25th of March, 1872, Mr. Keele, municipal market 
inspector and dairyman, informed me that disease had broken 
out among his cattle, and that from the symptoms and the 
rapid failure of strength exhibited by the animals attacked he 
feared he w r as likely to lose a large number. Already two 
had died. He was anxious to know whether the disease was 
contagious, and whether anything could be done in the w 7 ay 
of treatment. He had separated those already affected from 
the rest of his stock. On the morning of the 26th I visited 
the paddock in which the sick cattle were confined, and saw 
there some 12 or 15 animals in various stages of what appeared 
to be a malignant specific fever. 
Mr. Keelers stock consisted on the 14th of March of 
38 head of cattle, viz. 17 cow r s, 14 heifers, 2 calves, 2 bulls, 
and 3 buffaloes. The following tabular statement gives, 
without reference to pathology, some of the main features of 
the epidemic as it affected those animals, showing a sequence 
of events which I am anxious to lay clearly before my readers, 
but which I find difficult to arrange distinctly in a continuous 
narrative : 
