134 
CATTLE DISEASE IN CHINA. 
sionally the interior of the windpipe is filled with an abun¬ 
dant froth, white or pinkish, and this may extend into the 
larger bronchi. 1 have once seen an abscess in the substance 
of the trachealis muscle. 
The Lungs and pleuroe have been examined carefully in 
every post-mortem at which I have assisted, but I have only 
once seen an appearance of pneumonic complication (see 
page 70). Venous congestion is common enough, but ap¬ 
pears to be a mechanical result from the gradual failure of 
the heart’s action. I have never seen the slightest indication 
of pleuritic inflammation. On two occasions I noted blood 
extravasations in the sub-serous tissue of the lining of the 
pericardium. I have already mentioned the presence of froth 
in the larger bronchi. I have seen increased vascularity of 
the mucous membrane in these tubes, but never any exu¬ 
dation. : 
On opening the abdominal cavity the attention of the ob¬ 
server is at once attracted by the pink patchy discolouration 
of the omentum and surface of the paunch, and by the 
varying shades of pink, blue and purple which colour the 
serous surface of the intestines. I have frequently observed 
spots of ecchymosis in the sub-serous tissue, but, as else¬ 
where stated, have never seen roughening of the peritoneum 
or exudation of any kind into its cavity. The stomachs 
have been in every case distended with the food last taken, 
the processes of digestion appearing to have been arrested at 
the onset of the disease. In the paunch I have noticed a 
peculiar softened condition of the epithelium which permitted 
of its easy detachment. The lining of the fourth stomach 
in every case in which it was examined was found to be 
much congested and the seat of more or less extensive ulce¬ 
ration. The mucous lining of the intestinal canal was, in by 
far the greater number of cases diseased throughout; the 
most serious lesions were usually seen in portions of the 
small gut; it generally appeares in patches swollen, softened 
or thinned ; it is usually of a dirty red colour, varied here and 
there by shades of pink or purple obscured by a more or less 
viscid, puriform and blood-stained secretion which adheres 
to the surface. In the large gut the longitudinal folds shew 
as red streaks on the surface of an otherwise naturally 
coloured lining; in the small gut the discolouration is more 
equally diffused. Blood extravasations are common, and 
occur both on the surface of the membrane and in the sub¬ 
mucous tissue. Ulceration varies from a mere diffused 
stripping of epithelium to a distinct circumscribed de¬ 
struction of tissue, I observed in one or two cases the 
