212 WEST OF ENGLAND VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION. 
very short shoe, the heels of which must be rounded off the same 
as for hunting. It is also often necessary that the horse should 
have buckled on the foot at night a soft pad, which covers the 
heels of the foot and shoe, although I have many times known 
capped elbows to be produced on horses which have not had shoes 
on for months, simply from lying on the heels of their feet. The 
early treatment of capped elbow is the same as that for capped 
hock. If an abscess or cyst has formed, open it freely in a pen¬ 
dent position; afterwards, if any thickening remains, apply 
tincture of iodine over a considerable space on the arm, but not 
on the part nor inside, as that would make it very sore and inter¬ 
fere with the animal's moving. If a tumour has formed, and is 
not connected to the elbow with a wide base, dissect it out; if it has 
a wide base pass a seton through it, and keep the tape in as long as 
any deposit remains, which is often a very long time, in consequence 
of its lowly organized structure. In renewing the seton it may be 
necessary to pass it through a lower part of the tumour, in conse¬ 
quence of the partial absorption of the enlargement. The appli¬ 
cation of iodine round the tumour at the same time will assist in 
its removal. If the tumour is very large, and cannot be dissected 
out, it is better to remove it by sloughing, for which purpose I 
puncture the tumour in two or three places, and insert into each 
puncture a very small quantity of Hydg. Bich. or arsenic. 
After the sloughs have been removed repeat the Hydg. Bich. or 
arsenic, if necessary, judging the quantity by the effects of the 
former application. 
Thoroughpin is an enlargement of the bursa between the os 
calcis and tibia, occasionally communicating with the general 
synovial cavity of the joint; it is generally produced by some 
excessive action. 
Treatment .—Should there be any appearance of acute inflam¬ 
mation, bathe with cold water, after which apply pressure by 
means of a spring truss, which is the treatment I have adopted 
for about thirty years without a failure. The average time for 
treatment with entire rest is from four to six weeks. If the 
animal is kept at work, and the truss applied only at intervals, it 
will still succeed, but require a much longer time. In those cases 
where the bursa communicates with the joint, and the result has 
been a bog-spavin in addition, pressure does not answer. The 
treatment in this latter form will be that of bog-spavin. 
Other bursal enlargements and chronic thickenings, the result 
of inflammatory action, such as are commonly situated about the 
fetlock-joint, and occasionally to a considerable size on the front 
of the knee of hunters, can be more certainly and effectually 
removed by the use of spring trusses properly fitted than by any 
other treatment with which I am acquainted. 
