TRANSLATIONS FROM CONTINENTAL JOURNALS. 115 
They ought, however, to be practised with greater reserva¬ 
tion, and, above all, care should be taken so as to avoid giving 
to them the appearance of cruelty. 
Real progress should always be the object of the experi- 
mentor. 
Students should not be allowed to make experiments, 
except in the schools and under the direction of the pro¬ 
fessors. 
The experimentors should use all the means at their 
disposal indicated by science to lessen the sufferings of the 
animals submitted to the experiments. 
M. Dubois, the perpetual secretary, objected that the con¬ 
clusions were not direct answers to the categorical questions 
of the authorities; and having combated them in the com¬ 
mittee, he now opposed them in the Academy, and proposed 
to substitute for them the following: 
1st. That the Academy, without considering the injurious 
form of the documents which have been submitted to it, re¬ 
cognises that abuses have crept into the practice of vivisec¬ 
tion. 
2nd. That to prevent these abuses, the Academy should 
express its wish that in future vivisections should be reserved 
exclusively for the discovery of new facts or the verification 
of doubtful ones; and that consequently they should be no 
longer practised, either in public or private courses of in¬ 
struction to demonstrate facts already definitely acquired by 
science. 
3rd. That the Academy likewise expresses its wish that the 
students of veterinary medicine do in future practise their 
operations on dead bodies, and shall be no longer obliged to 
learn the operations on the living horse. 
After M. Dubois, the tribune was occupied by M. 
Parchappe, who, in a speech which was often interrupted 
by applause, repelled the charges that had been made 
against the faculty of French medicine, to which no one 
had acquired a right to teach humanity, since this had been 
advocated by it on more than one occasion. The speaker 
afterwards showed that since the introduction of vivisections 
science had advanced with rapid strides, and he was 
astonished that the attacks against that mode of investigation 
came actually from the country of Harvey and Charles Bell, 
who were indebted to experiments on animals for the 
greatest modern discoveries. Concerning the abuses of 
vivisections, M. Parchappe said, in conclusion, that no one 
could approve of them, but he had not the slightest doubt 
that, in order to lessen, repress, or even suppress them, it was 
by no means necessary to resort to public authority. 
