90 
INFECTIVE AND CONTAGIOUS DISEASES. 
verbially malarial place on the Sutlej, one of the originating 
tributaries of the Indus. 
In reference to the organism figured as having occurred in a 
case of glanders, or rather farcy, the lecturer obtained it from one 
of the “farcv buds” of a man. There could be but little doubt 
V 
as to the nature of his disease, for one of his fellow-horsekeepers 
died from acute glanders, and he himself exhibited the symptoms 
of farcy. The swellings on his arm contained an opaque, chyle¬ 
like fluid, containing many oil globules and minute spore-like 
bodies. The spores were cultivated in six cells; of these, two 
spoiled, while the other four were successful. In the latter, after 
a few hours, filaments, united into bands, in consequence of their 
being arranged side by side, appeared; these were looped at 
their extremities. A few hours later the masses were broken 
down and replaced by accumulations of line granules, with only 
remnants of the original filaments ; from these, long rods ran in 
various directions, which afterwards broke up into short rods or 
directly formed spores, the latter separating into pairs, as has 
been observed in the anthrax Bacillus. By following these 
spores through several generations they were found sometimes to 
break up each into four sporules. (Ewart has observed a similar 
breaking up of spores in anthrax Bacillus, while Toussaint 
describes the conversion of anthrax Bacillus spores into bulbous 
joints, from which sporules are formed, which are discharged, and 
develop into the ordinary rod-like form. These he observed during 
culture in the serum of a dog.) 
Theprofessor then stated his opinion that the thorough and ela¬ 
borate researches of Klein on contagious pneumo-enteritis (“ty¬ 
phoid fever of pigs ”) have given us the first and, at present, the 
only admissible instance besides anthrax in which Bacteria have 
been proved to be actual contagia (see 187 7, ‘Report of the Medical 
Officer of the Local Government Board’). Though Klein considers 
this disease analogous with anthrax, it must be considered as 
more closely allied to acute specific fevers; the Bacillus closely 
resembles that of anthrax, but is smaller. The experiments of 
Klebs and Tommasi on the nature of the specific agent producing 
malarial fever may be found in Klebs’ Arc/iiv. They consisted 
in filtering the air of a malarial district, and thus obtaining 
organised particles; some were also obtained from the soil. 
With these they inoculated rabbits, and obtained their Bacillus 
xnalarise (as figured in diagram). In rabbits inoculated with 
liquid containing Bacilli, procured from the soil by culture, 
a fever was produced of the typically intermittent character, the 
temperature rising to about 41 ’8° C. (complicated experiments 
were made to ascertain whether the materies morbi exists in the 
liquid or in the solid portion of the inoculated matter; thus it was 
