196 VARIOLA AND VACCINATION. 
Medical men, again, if their private practice be at all exten¬ 
sive, can scarcely be expected to devote much time or trouble 
to an ill-paid, and consequently unremunerative, public duty. 
There are, however, exceptions to the rule, for one of these 
gentlemen gravely reports that in a single day he examined 
503 hams, 3 barrels of bacon, and 46 carcasses of pigs. 
Inspection such as this is worse than useless .—Mark Lane 
Express. 
VARIOLA AND VACCINATION. 
Professor NAUNYN,of Konigsberg,gave a very interesting 
address on variola, vaccination, inoculation, &c., at a meeting 
held at Eisenach, which is reported in the JLrtzliches Vereui- 
Blatt. Among other things, he mentioned the presence of 
variola in man, goats, sheep, and hogs, which produces an 
eruption, accompanied with fever and affections of the mucous 
membranes, whilst that occurring in cows and horses is a mere 
local disease. The first group, besides the contagion effected 
by the virus, produces somites, whilst in the second group the 
immediate transmission of the virus is necessary for the pro¬ 
pagation of the disease. It has been frequently and long ob¬ 
served that cow-pock and horse-pock were inoculated on man, 
but sheep-pock has only been transmitted by direct and arti¬ 
ficial methods. The cow is predisposed to inoculation with 
human, equine, and ovine virus. The horse and ass have 
been successfully inoculated with bovine, humanised, and 
pustular virus. Ovine has had no effect. Sheep are readily 
affected by bovine and equine virus, but have little suscep¬ 
tibility to the human. Goats are susceptible to the lymph of 
the sheep and hog, and reproduce it. Hogs can be inoculated 
with human, ovine virus, &c. The first transmission of a 
foreign virus is often unsuccessful, or produces doubtful 
results, so that it appears that there is a natural resistance 
which is to be overcome by previously acclimatising the 
virus. In the same species, however, the propagation is 
easy. In all cases, however, human and animal virus can be 
reciprocally and successfully inoculated. There is a law by 
which man has a susceptibility, in common with some other 
diseases, of contracting variola but once in a lifetime. The 
practice of inoculation in the past year has proven that the 
disease, artificially induced, is as competent to insure this 
further immunity. These laws are equally applicable to the 
inferior animals. Equine or bovine virus received by accident 
or intentionally has proved to be of the same value as variola 
as a future protective. Ovine virus is also a guarantee against 
