ON PLANTS IN RELATION TO ANIMALS. 389 
Pterocarpus santalinus yields red sandalwood, which is used 
as a dye ; P. draco yields gum-dragon; and P. dalbergioides 
is said to yield Andaman redwood; Bablisia tinctoria gives 
a blue dye, and is the wild indigo of the United States ; 
Crotalaria juncea supplies fibres, which are known as Sunn 
or Bengal hemp; the fragrant seeds of Dipterix odorata 
are known as tonka beans ; a similar fragrance is given out 
by some species of the Melilotus ; Arachis hypogcea produces 
its legumes under ground, and hence receives the name of 
ground-nut; Robina pseud-acacia, the locust-tree, yields a 
hard, durable wood ; according to Bertoloni, a kind of ebony 
is the produce of Fornarinia ebenifera; rosewood is the 
timber of Dalbergia , Machcerium and Triptolemcea . 
“ There are certain poisonous plants in this group ; thus, 
the seeds and bark of Gytisus and Laburnum are narcotic; the 
roots of many species of Phaseolus , as P. multiflorus (the 
scarlet-runner) and P. radiatus , are poisonous ; the branches 
and leaves of Tephrosia toxicaria and the bark and the root 
of Piscidia erythrina are employed as fish poisons ; Phy- 
sostigma venenosum yields the Calabar ordeal bean; Gona - 
pholobium uncinatum and Gastrolobium grandiflorum are 
deadly sheep poisons in the Australian colonies. The sub¬ 
order contains about 350 genera and about 5000 species.” 
The plants arranged under the more extended Legu- 
minosse are very numerous and highly important, but if we 
look to the more limited Papilionacese we shall find that 
we shall have some most useful plants to deal with, nay, 
more, our native list of these, which Syme has put down at 
eighty-four species, will afford for our study a series of 
useful, interesting, and beautiful plants. 
For the present we shall direct attention to the following 
genera: 
1. Ulex. —Densely thorny shrubs, flowers yellow. 
2. Genista. —Shrubs, sometimes spinous, flowers yellow. 
3. Sarothamnus. —Shrubs, rarely spinous, flowers yellow. 
4. Ononis. —With viscid hairs, rarely spinous, flowers 
pink. 
Each of these genera possess but few species; they are all 
showy plants, so much so as to be for the most part favourites 
in our gardens and shrubberies. 
1. Ulex. —Is well known by its English names of furze 
and gorse, and the Scotch title of whin. It is by some 
classed under no less than three specific names, as follows : 
LI1I* 
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