716 OBSERVATIONS ON THE LUNG PLAGUE OF CATTLE. 
while in the case of single animals it cannot be considered as 
protective unless it has been extended to 104 days. 
As the different states have not recognised the need of 
veterinary sanitary specialists to direct their suppressive measures, 
the most egregious blunders in this respect have been committed 
in practice. 
In the autumn of 1879 two herds of cattle from infected 
Holland w r ere entered at the port of New York, examined by 
the New Jersey officials, and at once sent on to Illinois to mingle 
with herds from which sales were being constantly made, and 
even to be carried around and exhibited at various state fairs. 
The same New Jersey authorities kept on their frontier 
inspectors with instructions to examine all cattle coming from 
the infected regions of Pennsylvania, Delaware and Maryland, to 
turn back all the diseased, but to allow the sound to enter. It 
was well, truly, to shut out the actually sick, but where was the 
protection when cattle from infected herds, and bearing diseased 
germs which would not manifest themselves for one to three 
months to come, were allowed free entrance ? 
In Pennsylvania the attention of the officials seems to have 
been confined to the quarantining of infected herds, and the 
slaughter of the incurably sick, and there is reason to believe 
that in many cases the quarantine was raised at far too early 
a date. In Pennsylvania as in New Jersey, store and fat cattle 
from all quarters — infected and otherwise — were admitted 
together, or successively into the same stock-yard for sale. In 
short, suppressive measures were largely restricted to the dealing 
with herds after they had become infected, while the main 
sources of the pestilence, the cattle coming from infected districts 
and those sold in infected markets, were left free to carry disease 
into new herds. 
To crown this series of blunders the present officials of New 
Jersey threaten those of New York with litigation in the 
Supreme Court of the United States, with the view of forcing 
the latter to admit New Jersey store cattle into the New York 
markets. Had these officials had an intimate acquaintance with 
every herd in New Jersey for six months past, there would have 
been a shadow' of reason in their course, but having just come 
into control of the veterinary sanitary work, the best construc¬ 
tion that can be put upon their course is that they are wofully 
ignorant of the subject, and are judging this disease from some 
supposed, but unreal, analogy with certain plagues of men in 
which incubation does not extend over a few days. 
Some of the officials in question claim special credit for 
husbanding the country^ money, and it is claimed that Penn¬ 
sylvania has expended less than 6000 dollars in indemnities for 
