806 NORTH OF ENGLAND VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION* 
object of showing the difference in their structure and formation, a 
stratified thrombus from the superficial inguinal veins. 
Professor Walley next exhibited to the members his new instruments 
(as recently described in the Journals), which he had considerably im¬ 
proved since they were first constructed, but were not yet quite as per¬ 
fect as he intended to make them. The compound ecraseur and con¬ 
cealed bistoury was so constructed as to enable the veterinary surgeon 
to use any of the following without danger and with ease internally, viz. 
blunt, sharp, convex, straight, or Chassaignac bistoury; sharp or blunt 
spatula ; embryotomy saw and blunt or sharp hook ; vulsellum forceps; 
trocar and canula; wire or chain ecraseur, &c. These various instru¬ 
ments could also be used for ordinary external purposes, by the aid of 
a small universal handle, and, in addition, drawing knives, seton 
needles, directors, and torsion forceps. The price of the whole, when 
complete and perfected, would not much exceed that charged for some 
of the ecraseurs alone. The aspirator, Professor Walley stated, he had 
found to act splendidly in a case of hydrothorax in a dog; but he re¬ 
marked that such an instrument, while invaluable in emptying cavities 
in which there were no loose soft organs, or where these organs—as the 
lungs—had been compressed by the effusion, was inferior to an ordinary 
trocar and canula in tapping the abdomen, as in the act of aspiration 
the bowels were drawn against the point of the needle, and plugged 
it up. 
The Professor also remarked, jn a case of pre-pectoral fibrous tumour, 
which he had treated by irrigation with iodide, by the aid of the same 
instrument, and which was entirely resolved in the course of ten days or 
a fortnight, a small thrombus, terminating in an abscess, formed in one 
of the superficial veins, a little distance below the seat of the operation, 
but it did not prevent the animal working; in fact, he was put to work 
eight days after the operation. In the removal of large quantities of 
fluid from cavities the instrument could be used as a double-action 
syphon, without the possibility of a particle of air passing into the 
cavity, and with much greater rapidity than by its use as an 
aspirator. 
A vote of thanks was unanimously passed to Professor Walley for his 
kindness in coming among them, and the Professor having replied, 
Mr. E. Stephenson introduced “ The Penal Clause” for discussion. He 
asked, first, Has the time come for it? I answer, No; and, what is 
more, the time for it is yet a long way off. We cannot make a veteri¬ 
nary surgeon by Act of Parliament, for, as Mr. Fleming said, veterinary 
surgeons are born, not made. The tendency of the schools, at present, 
was to turn out non-practical men, and, instead of a penal clause, there 
should be an apprenticeship clause. The practical examination should 
also be more strict. 
A long discussion here took place between Professor Walley and Mr. 
Stephenson, the former maintaining that practical students and sons of 
veterinary surgeons, as a rule, made tbe worst students; the latter 
replying that, if such was the case, the men nowadays must be made of 
different stuff to what they once were. He asked, How much better is 
the medical profession for their penal clause ? Mr. Stephenson finished 
by moving, “ That, in the present state of the veterinary profession, 
it is not desirable to press for the penal clause.” 
The President and Mr. Elphick agreed with what Mr. Stephenson 
said. 
Mr. Gofton thought, injustice to our clients, as well as to ourselves, 
we should be protected. If people desired to employ the quack, by all 
