A CATECHISM OF GARDENING. 
307 
What are those greens, of which so many are sold in the London 
market, called plants P Young cabbage, or coleworts, sowed and 
planted out at any time of the year, and pulled for sale just before or 
after they begin to form heads. If quickly grown they are pre¬ 
ferred to headed cabbage, being more mild in flavour. 
Which is the next variety of this tribe deserving notice ? The 
Savoy ; as being hardy and useful, particularly in winter; indeed 
it is said they are improved by frosts. For a principal crop, the 
seed should be sown about the middle of April. Defend the seed¬ 
lings from birds; and prick them out into nursery beds, if there be 
time and opportunity. At the beginning of July they may be trans¬ 
planted out for good, on well-digged or trenched rich ground, in rows 
two feet apart, the plants being dibbed at sixteen inches distance in 
the row. 
Are there different varieties of the savoy ? There are three—the 
green, the dwarf, and the large yellow; the first is the most delicate, 
but the last is preferred for the main crop. 
What is broccoli ? A sub-variety of the cabbage, commonly 
called Scotch kale, of which there are several kinds, as the tall and 
dwarf green, the brown, the Jerusalem, the Buda, &c. All are hardy 
and well worth a place in every garden, not so much for the principal 
head as for the great number of sprouts which rise in succession from 
the stem. Woburn kale is a distinct variety, being a perennial, and 
propagated by cuttings from the old stool planted in spring. 
What are Brussel sprouts ? A sub-variety of the Savoy; the 
head is inconsiderable; but from the stem come forth a vast number 
of little compact heads of excellent quality, and for which the plant 
is chiefly cultivated. This and all the sorts of kale are raised from 
seed, sowed about the 20th of April, and transplanted into good rich 
soil, and afterwards managed like cabbage. 
What have you to state relative to lettuce ? It is one of our prin¬ 
cipal salad herbs ; pleasant, sanative, and easy of culture. As lettuce 
soon runs to seed, it requires to be frequently sowed in the summer 
months. For the earliest spring supply, seed-beds are sowed in 
August, whence a part of the plants may be removed in October into 
frames, or to some warm dry situation, where they may be sheltered 
from the north and east winds, and be occasionally covered with mats, 
dry fern, or branches of evergreen trees, during severe frost. 
Do you call these the principal crop ? No. The principal crop 
for summer use is sowed as early in the year as the weather will 
permit, or in frames under glass, from whence they are planted 
out for good, when the leaves are about three inches long, and the 
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