MANAGEMENT OF THE STALLION 
139 
“Foal to stand and suck.” 
“$10 down at time of service and $10 
if mare proves in foal.” 
“In foal.” 
“With return privilege.” 
“$10 at time of service—$10 cash at 
time mare is first bred—one or two 
free return privileges.” 
“Must be tried regularly and colt is 
good for fee.” 
“Insures living colt.” 
“. . . at $50 to insure the mare in 
foal. Service fee is due when 
mares are known to be in foal. If 
mare is disposed of fees at once be¬ 
come due.” 
Michigan Agricultural College “Insure for a living foal.” 
5. Breeding Age. Services 
Among the different breeding establishments studied, the Irvinedale 
Farm, Gossard Breeding estates, Woodside Farm, Lakewood Farm, 
Longwood Farm, J. H. Serven and Son, the Thomas Kiddoo Farm, Hay- 
field Farm, G. Andrews and Son, Oakdale Farm, Arngibbon Farm, Oak- 
lawn Farm, Selma Farm, the Universities of Wisconsin, Missouri, the 
Michigan Agricultural College, and Iowa State College concur in starting 
the prospective stud horse to serve mares as a two-year-old. At the Raboin 
Pioneer Homestead Farm the young stallion is not allowed to cover a 
mare until he is past two years of age, and so it is at the Truman’s 
Pioneer Stud Farm and at the Maple Lawn Farm. Stericker advises simi¬ 
larly. The first cover to be allowed the stallion, between two and three 
years of age, is advocated by the Lefebure Sons’ Co., White Oak Stock 
Farm, Pentoila Stock Farm, and the University of Minnesota. At Purdue 
University it is the practice to start breeding the stallion between two and 
a half and three years of age, and at the Hawthorn Farm the breeder 
states that it is unusual, although possible, to let the stallion cover for the 
first time as a two-year-old, so that the colts are not generally bred until 
they are three years years of age. At the Longview Stock Farm, Moon is 
of the opinion that the stallion should be started to breed at the age of 
two and a half years, and likewise at the Holbert Farms some are used 
at the same age, although the rule is to wait until the beginner is three 
years old. At the Santa Anita Rancho, and according to Hooper, the first 
breeding age should not be started until the colts are three years old. 
One question was asked as to the age of maturity of the stallion, and 
again a variety of opinions are revealed. To begin with, at the Selma 
Farm, the three-year-old, if well grown out, is considered as mature. Next, 
at the Hayfield Farm, Maple Lawn Farm, and at the University of Wis¬ 
consin, at four years of age the stallions are considered to be mature. 
While in twelve establishments—the Longview Stock Farm, the Thomas 
Kiddoo Farm, Raboin Pioneer Homestead Farm, Pentoila Stock Farm, 
Santa Anita Rancho, Lakewood Farm, Waddington Farm, at Cornell Uni¬ 
versity, at the Universities of Minnesota and Missouri, at the Michigan 
Agricultural College, and at the Iowa State College—all support the view 
that the stallion is not mature until he is five years old. Hooper makes 
the same statement. The Gossard Breeding Estates and Woodside Farm 
place the mature age of the stallion when five to six years old, and, lastly, 
in several farms the mature age is considered to be reached when six years 
Arngibbon Farm 
Mayfield Farm 
G. Andrews and Son 
Hawthorn Farm 
Thompsondale Farm 
Thomas Kiddoo’s Farm 
Holbert Farms 
