MANAGEMENT OP THE FOAL 181 
in twenty-four hours, and if young, he is started on low-testing milk, lime 
water and sugar. 
The Lefebure Sons’ Co. claim that orphan foal handling does not lead 
to much success unless th-e youngster is already a month old, and thence 
he should be fed cow’s milk and oats, together with hay pasture for rough- 
age. 
McLay of the Arngibbon Farm states that orphan foal on this farm 
gets cow’s milk three times a day, and oats, bran and hay. 
Wood of the Hawthorn Farm gives account of the system of orphan foal 
handling pursued in this stud: The foal is started on a teacupful of mo¬ 
lasses every feeding, together with cow’s milk; this at the rate of six 
quarts a day three times a day. Three quarts of oats are supplied three 
times a day after the milk has been fed, and mixed hay is given for bulk 
twice a day. 
At the Thompsondale Farm orphan foal management follows: Cow’s 
milk diluted with 50% of water is taken. To this 5% of granulated sugar 
is added and the solution is made blood warm. At the beginning this is 
given every two hours and afterwards the intervals between feedings are 
lengthened. As soon as the foals will “nose on” grains they are given oats 
and bran. 
Holbert describes the practice of feeding orphan foals at the Holbert 
Farms, and says: Bran and oats and a little of oil meal are provided for 
three times a day, besides cow’s milk, which is supplied twice or three 
times daily. 
At the Iowa State College orphan foals are started on cow’s milk with 
a little sugar or molasses, the amount to be increased as the colt grows 
older. 
The Michigan Agricultural College directs that the orphan foal should 
be taught to drink from basins five times daily at first, giving him cow’s 
milk diluted with one-half of water and sweetened. 
According to Truman, to bring up an orphan foal at the Truman’s Pio¬ 
neer Stud Farm, he is generally nursed by another mare, but in the event 
that this is not possible, he is raised on bottle at first, and then, later, 
taught to drink from the pail, giving him milk and oatmeal, and, later on, 
crushed oats. 
Peters sets forth the method employed in raising successfully a good, 
healthy orphan colt at the University of Minnesota: For the first month’s 
allowance cow’s milk with sugar and lime water was used. This was fed 
during the first two weeks six times a day, and for the remainder of the 
time the feeding was made four times a day. At the end of the month the 
colt began drinking from the pail and the use of sugar and lime water 
was discontinued then. At this time clear cow’s milk, together with 
grain, formed the ration, and hay was afterwards furnished as soon as 
the colt would eat it. 
In the raising of orphan foals, Stericker’s recommendation is also 
brought here. He advocates the feeding of cow’s milk, to which a little 
sugar and boiled oil meal have been added. The feed is given a little at 
a time. 
From the Gossard Breeding Estates comes the word that “very seldom 
one is raised unless you can place them onto another dam,” and Haxton 
of Hayfield Farm says, “Try to get them foster mothers or bring them up 
by hand.” Hooper, in speaking for the Central Kentucky Farms, states that 
orphan foal management in, these studs rests on the use of cow’s milk. 
The Oaklawn Farm makes the same report. At Cornell University modi¬ 
fied cow’s milk is employed, while Kiddoo mentions cow’s milk and grain 
as the feeds used in raising their orphan foals. 
