11th latest.) The average date of starting was September 
22nd, and of ending, November 22nd. When many ducks 
were passing, watch was fairly continuous, at least from 
dawn until nine or ten o'clock in the morning, and often 
nearly all day. When few birds were moving much less 
time was spent at the “stand,” perhaps only two or three 
hours in the morning, and part of the afternoon. 
It is unnecessary here to describe the locality where these 
records were made. All observations refer to Wenham 
Lake in Essex County, Massachusetts. The years 1900 
to 1909 have already been tabulated, and were made the 
subject of a paper in the Auk for 1911 (page 188). The 
several occurrences of the European Widgeon were noted 
in the same journal for 1920 (page 288), and Dr. C. W. 
Townsend has embodied some of the records in his Birds 
of Essex County and his Supplement. What follows will, 
however, give a clearer idea of the exact status of the differ¬ 
ent species over a longer period. For each species I shall 
give the actual per cent of the whole number, a figure based 
entirely on the number of individuals shot. This will be 
followed by the same figure corrected to more nearly repre¬ 
sent the numbers of the species present, as suggested by 
Mr. Aldo Leapold in some notes on ducks published in the 
Condor. For instance, only sixteen Blue-winged Teal were 
shot in the whole twenty years, or about one half of one per 
cent of the total number of all ducks. This is obviously 
far too low a figure, for at least one hundred and fifty-five 
others were seen and when we take into account the fact 
that this early migrant passes through our region mostly 
before September 20th, we realize that the number shot 
does not at all represent the actual status of the species at 
this point. Take the Golden-eye as another example: this 
species is very common in the Lake in late November and 
in December, particularly after the shooting is over, so 
that the total number of one hundred and forty-three (or 
five per cent) is really far too small. Another factor to 
be considered here is the wildness of the Golden-eye itself, 
which enables most of them to escape the lure of wooden 
