110 
'She RURAL NEW-YORKER 
Jamiary 27, 1917< 
General Farm Topics 
Buckwheat Flour; Rye Cover Crop 
1. I sowed buckwheat on land which 
had been idle for some years. I harvest¬ 
ed a good crop. The flour from this 
buckwheat is about a year old now, and 
when used in i)ancakes has a sour taste. 
Will you tell me why this flour should 
be sour? 2. I have planted rye this 
Autumn to be plowed under in the 
Spring. I expect to plant potatoes on 
this i);<'c-e of ground. Will it be neces¬ 
sary t<i j)Ut moi'e manure on this land to 
insure a bettei' crop? .3. 1 have White 
Leghorn chickens both this year and last, 
which do not .seem to lay as well as they 
should. Our land i.s low loamy soil. 
Their houses art' good and warm. My 
other chickens do better. Can you give 
a reason? ii. i'- 
Lister Co., N. Y. 
1. Buckwheat flour will become strong 
and unfit for use after a comparatively 
short time unless keitt in cold storage. 
Yours has probably been kept under or¬ 
dinary house conditions and hits spoiled 
from age. 
2. The rye will not furnish a great 
»imount of i)lant food for the potatoes; 
if the land is poor, further fertilizing 
will probably be advisable. For the im¬ 
mediate use of the crop a good grade of 
commercial fertilizer would be superior 
to coarse barnyard manure, this latter 
usually being applied to crops preceding 
the potatoes. 
.*1. You give no data that would en¬ 
able one to suggest a probable reason 
for the poor laying of your Leghorns. 
H. B. n. 
Norfolk Queen Onion ; Pea Bean 
L I read in The K. N.-Y.. .duly IS. 
1914, an article about Norfolk Queen 
Onion, a difl'erent onion from the Queen 
of the Northern (catalogues), as being 
the earliest Queen onions for bunching. 
2. I heard once of a bean called pea bean, 
which is very profitable to raise. Did 
you ever hear of such a beau? If so. 
could you tell me where to get them? 
Vancouver, Wash. E. ii. 
1. According to many authorities, the 
Norfolk Queen onion is in reality a sil¬ 
ver-skin onion. Some growers think it 
is an improved strain of the White Queen. 
When it develops to full size it is some¬ 
what globular in form, biit considerably 
flat. It is e.specially desirable very early 
as green bunch onion.s, but does not keep 
well as a matured onion. As a rule, it is 
more popular in the South than in the 
North, especially in the Norfolk district 
of Virginia. 
2. l‘ea beans are the very small, round, 
white beans grown and used expressly for 
cooking when dry as baked beans. The 
seed can be purchased in almost any coun¬ 
try store, just as dried heans. They will 
germinate well. The crop does esi)ecially 
well on a sandy soil or a gravelly loam. 
T.arge returns per acre are not iiossible; 
therefore, every means is taken to pi-o- 
duce a crop economically. The st'ed is 
usually planted with a grain drill. i)lug- 
ging up a few of the bottoms .so that the 
seed is dropped in rows about 28 inches 
apart, thus three or four rows are usually 
sown at once. If fertilizer is applied it 
is run through the bottoms, from which 
seed does not drop. A half bushel of 
seed to the acre should be suflicient. (live 
Assemblymen in New York 
On page ‘14 we gave a list of the State 
Senators in New York, with a map of the 
Senate districts, llei'e follows a list of 
the Assemblymen named by counties, out- 
.side of New York City. Keep this list. 
You will need it later : 
horse cultivation, and go very clo.se to 
the row, so as to do away with hand 
labor. When the beans have a good cohir 
and the .seed is developed enough so that 
you can make an impression with a 
finger nail the vines should be pulled and 
stacked for four or five days in litth^ 
piles with a large top and small bottom. 
When 
.should 
wagon 
of the 
Xames County Address 
Clarence F. Welch, Albany . 
John G. Malone, Albany .Vir * r e 
William C. Baxter, Albany .-iTo 
William Duke, Jr., Allegany- 
Edmund B. Jenks, Broome .Whitney Point 
DeHart H. Ames, Cattaraugus.Framklinville 
L. Ford Hager, Cayuga .Hed Creek 
Leon L. Fancher, Chautauqua .Jam^town 
Joseph A. McGinnies, Chautauqua........ Ripley 
Robert P. Bush, Chemung .Horseheads 
Bert Lord, Chenango ..v;,’‘A’v 
Wallace E. Pierce. Clinton.Plattsburgh 
William W. Chace, Columbia . 
George H. Wiltsie, Cortland .. .Cortland 
James S. Allen, Delaware ....East Branch 
James C. Allen, Dutchess .Clinton Corners 
Frank L. Gardner, Dutchess .Poughkeepsie 
Alexander Taylor,, Erie .S'’S , 
John W, Slacer, Erie .1“! i 
Nicholas J. Miller, Erie .Buffalo 
James M, Mead, Erie . 
John A. Lynch, Erie .. 
Alexander A. Pataykowski, Erie ., 
Earl G. Danser, Erie ..., 
Herbert A. Zimmerman, Erie .Buffalo 
Nelson W. Cheney, Erie ...••••Eden 
Raymond T. Kenyon, Essex .Ausable Forks 
Warren T. Thayer. Franklin .Chateaugay 
Burt Z. Kasson, Fulton-Hamilton-Gloversyille 
Louis H. Wells, Genesee . ...Pavilion 
Harding Showers, Greene .Tannersville 
Edward 0. Davies, Herkimer .....Ilion 
H. Edmund Machold, Jefferson .Ellisburg 
Willard S. Augsbury, Jefferson . Antwerp 
Henry L. Grant, Lewis .Copenhagen 
George F. Wheelock, Livingston. Moscow 
Morell E. Tallett, Madison.Ruyter 
James A. Harris, Monroe .East Rochester 
Simon L. Adler, Monroe .Rochester 
Harry B. Crowley, Monroe .Rochester 
Frank Dobson, Monroe .Rochester 
Franklin W. Judson, Monroe .Lincoln Park 
Erastus Corning Davis, Montgomery......Fonda 
William Bewley. Niagara .i • • • • 
Alan V. Parker, Niagara .Niagara Falls 
Albert H. Geiersbach, Oneida. Utica 
Louis M. Martin, Oneida.Canton 
George T. Davis, Oneida . 
Manuel J. Soule, Onondaga . Euclid 
Harley J. Crane, Onondaga .Syracuse 
George R. Fearon, Onondaga .Syracuse 
Heber E. Wheeler, Ontario .Holcomb 
William F. Brush, Orange .Newburgh 
Charles L. Mead, Orange.Middletown 
Frank H. Lattin, Orleans .Albion 
Thaddeus C. Sweet, Oswego .Phoenix 
Allen J. Bloomfield, Otsego -Richfield Springs 
John P. Donohoe, Putnam .Garrison 
Peter A. Leininger, Oueens-Long Island City 
Peter J. McGarry Queens .Long Island City 
William H. O’Hare, Queens.Glendale, L. I. 
Frank E. Hopkins, Queens .Jamaica 
John F. Shannon, Rensselaer .Troy 
Arthur Co wee, Rensselaer.Berlin 
Henry A. Seesselberg, RichmoBid.Stapleton 
William A. Serven, Rockland .Pearl River 
Frank L. Seaker, St. Lawrence .Gouverneur 
Edward A. Everett, St. Lawrenec.Potsdam 
Gilbert T. Seelye, Saratoga .Burnt Hills 
Walter S. McNab, Schenectady .Schenectady 
George A. Parsons, Schoharie.... Sharon Springs 
Henry J. Mitchell, Schuyler .Odessa 
Lewis W. Johnson, Seneca .Seneca Falls 
Samuel E. Quackenbush, Steuben.Corning 
Richard M. Prangen, Steuben .Hornell 
DeWitt C. Talmage. Suffolk.East Hampton 
Henry A. Murphy, Suffolk .Huntington 
Seymour Merritt, Sullivan .Liberty—^iJizer 
Daniel P. Witter, Tioga .Berkshire 
Casper Fenner, Tompkins .Heddens 
Joel Brink, Ulster .Lake Katrine 
Abram P. Lefevre, Ulster.New Palta 
Henry E. H. Brereton, Warren ....Lake George 
Charles 0. Pratt, Washington.Cambridge 
Frank D. Gaylord, Wayne .Sodus 
George Blakely, Westchester .Yonkers 
William S. Coffey, Westchester... .Mount Vernon 
Walter W. Law, Jr.,Westchester.Briarcliffe Manor 
Floy D- Hopkins, Westchester.White Plains 
Bert P. Gage Wyoming .Warsaw 
Howard S. Fullagar, Yates .Penn Yan 
the bean.s are hauled in a o.-iuvas 
be .spread over the bottom of the 
to cateh the seeds which fall out 
pods. The beaus are threshed out 
or with flails, lu the lat¬ 
hy machinery 
ter method care should he taken to luive 
enough vines on the floor so that the 
seed does not get crushed. The vines and 
foreign material can be quickly shaken 
out and the .seed can be blown out by the 
wind. The yields per acre go from five 
to .“lO bushels, with the average ue.arly 12 
bushels. R. w. d. 
The Potash Situation 
Many readers are writing us to ask about 
the potash situation. Is there any potash 
in the country? Some of our Fastern 
people say they are offered a gardt'u or 
fruit fertilizer which is said to contain .‘1 
per cent, of potash. It is claimed that 
this is taken from ground tobacco stems. 
Is it true that his amount of potash is 
really being sold? The facts seem to be 
that here is some German potash in the 
country. There has been little if any im¬ 
ported during the past year. In the 10 
months ending October 1, onl.v .S4() tons 
of muriate of potash was brought into this 
country, and. of course, that is merely a 
teasponful as coiujiarc'd with our actual 
needs. Muriate of potash is selling at 
about .$400 per ton to manufacturers, 
which of course puts it out of use as a 
fertilizer. Several sources of American 
potash have been apparently developed. 
In Nebraska a company is at work taking 
potash from the waters of the lake. This 
gives about 28 per cent, of actual potash 
and about 1,000 tons have been produced 
the past yeaix There is also a small sup- 
jdy obtained from the Western kelp and 
its ashes. This is shipped from O’alifor- 
nia. Very large quantities of tobacco 
stems have been ground up and prepared 
for fertilizer and some mixtures for gar¬ 
den crops contain considerable quantities 
of these stems. .lapaii is also sending us 
some sulphate of potash which is of a 
lower test than the German goods. These 
forms of potash are being sold to the 
manufacturers we understand at not far 
from .‘10 cents a pound for the actual pot¬ 
ash. It seems therefore that farmers 
could get some i)otash if they cared to pay 
the very high prices for it. At the prices 
which the manufacturers are paying this 
would mean such a large increase in fer- 
price that it would hardly pay. ex¬ 
cept in limited quantities or high-priced 
garden or fruit crops Most farmers are 
evidently prepared to go through another 
year with a limited amount of potash in 
the fertilizer. They will probably use a 
little more phosphoric acid and get on as 
best they can. We have had quite a num¬ 
ber of repoids from farmers who claim to 
have made experiments through the past 
two years to determine whether potash is 
necessary or not. The majority of those 
who operate on rather heavy land believe 
that these experiments show that the pot¬ 
ash is not as necessary as has been 
claimed. On the lighter soils, however, 
and especially in the production of pota¬ 
toes the majority of our reports indicate 
that potash is a necessity and that full 
crops cannot he profitably grown without 
it. Our judgment is that when it is pos¬ 
sible once more to obtain iiot.ash at a fair 
price there will be heavy use of it, proba- 
1)1 V heavier than ever before. 
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